Chapter 6

Question 1

adolescents

Answer 1

Persons who are 12 to 18 years of age

Question 2

anxious-avoidant attachment

Answer 2

A bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver in which the infant is repeatedly rejected and develops an isolated lifestyle that does not depend on the support and care of others

Question 3

atherosclerosis

Answer 3

A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the blood vessels, forming plaque, which eventually leads to partial or complete blockage of blood flow

Question 4

barotrauma

Answer 4

Injury resulting from pressure disequilibrium across body surfaces, for example from too much pressure in the lungs

Question 5

bonding

Answer 5

The formation of a close, personal relationship

Question 6

conventional reasoning

Answer 6

A type of reasoning in which a child looks for approval from peers and society

Question 7

early adults

Answer 7

Persons who are 19 to 40 years of age

Question 8

fontanelles

Answer 8

Areas where the infant’s skull has not fused together; usually disappear at approximately 18 months of age

Question 9

infants

Answer 9

Persons who are form 1 month to 1 year of age

Question 10

late adults

Answer 10

Persons who are 61 years old or older

Question 11

life expectancy

Answer 11

The average amount of years a person can be expected to live

Question 12

middle adults

Answer 12

Persons who are 41 to 60 years of age

Question 13

moro reflex

Answer 13

An infant reflex in which, when an infant is caught off guard, the infants opens his or her arms wide, spreads the fingers, and seems to grab at things

Question 14

neonate

Answer 14

Persons who are birth to 1 month of age

Question 15

nephrons

Answer 15

The basic filtering units in the kidneys

Question 16

palmar grasp

Answer 16

An infant reflex that occurs when something is placed in the infant’s palm; the infant grasps the object

Question 17

postconventonal reasoning

Answer 17

A type of reasoning in which a child bases decisions on his or her conscious

Question 18

preconventional reasoning

Answer 18

A type of reasoning in which a child acts almost purely to avoid punishment to get what he or she wants

Question 19

preschoolers

Answer 19

Persons who are 3 to 6 years of age

Question 20

rooting reflex

Answer 20

An infant reflex that occurs when something touches an infant’s cheek, and the infant instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch

Question 21

school age

Answer 21

A person who is 6 to 12 years of age

Question 22

secure attachment

Answer 22

A bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver, in which the infant understands that his or her parents or caregivers will be responsive to his or her needs and take care of him or her when he or she needs help

Question 23

sucking reflex

Answer 23

An infant reflex in which the infant starts sucking when his or her lips are stroked

Question 24

terminal drop hypothesis

Answer 24

The theory that a person’s mental function declines in the last 5 years of life

Question 25

toddlers

Answer 25

Persons who are 1 to 3 years of age

Question 26

trust and mistrust

Answer 26

A phrase that refers to a stage of development from birth to approximately 18 months of age, during which infants gain trust of their parents or caregivers if their world is planned, organized, and routine