Chapter 3

Question 1

Hernan Cortez

Answer 1

Defeated Aztecs

Question 2

Moctezuma

Answer 2

Aztec chief

Question 3

Civil war

Answer 3

War between 2 groups in the same nation

Question 4

Viceroys

Answer 4

Representative of a king in a colony

Question 5

Peninsulares

Answer 5

Spanish-born people who lived in the colonies

Question 6

Creoles

Answer 6

American born descendants who lived in a colony

Question 7

Privateers

Answer 7

State sponsored pirates

Question 8

Triangular trade

Answer 8

Economic system that linked Africa, Europe, and America

Question 9

Middle passage

Answer 9

Slave journey between Africa and Americas

Question 10

Olaudah equiano

Answer 10

Slave, freed and wrote autobiography

Question 11

Mutiny

Answer 11

Rebellion on a slave ship

Question 12

Inflation

Answer 12

A rise in prices

Question 13

Capitalism

Answer 13

Investment of money to make a profit

Question 14

Entrepreneur

Answer 14

Person who takes a financial risk to make a profit

Question 15

Mercantilism

Answer 15

Economic policy designed to strengthen a nation’s economy

Question 16

How did the tiano Indians treat the Spanish

Answer 16

At first, very generous

Question 17

What was the attitude of the Spanish towards the Aztec religion

Answer 17

Disliked it, tried to convert them to Christianity

Question 18

What was the most important accomplishment of Francisco Pizarro

Answer 18

Defeated the inca

Question 19

How did the American Indians resist the Spanish conquest of South America

Answer 19

Wars with Europeans, kept their language and culture

Question 20

What were the reasons for the Spanish colonization of the Americas

Answer 20

Spread faith, get rich, get land

Question 21

What was the encomienda system

Answer 21

Allowed Spanish go demand labor from the Indians

Question 22

What were mulattoes and mestizos

Answer 22

Mestizos: mixed race of Indians and whites
Mulattoes: mixed race of Africans and white

Question 23

What was the economy of New France based upon

Answer 23

Fur trade

Question 24

What was the purpose of the mayflower compact

Answer 24

Set guidelines for governing

Question 25

Describe the type of government in the English colonies in North America

Answer 25

Colonial legislatures and royal governors

Question 26

What were the results of the French and Indian war

Answer 26

British dominated North America

Question 27

What do the cities of Bristol, England, nantes, France, and Newport RI have in common

Answer 27

All grew prosperous due to triangular trade

Question 28

What was a floating coffin

Answer 28

A slave ship

Question 29

Describe the hardships slaves faced in the middle passage

Answer 29

Disease, filth, whippings

Question 30

What were the effects of the African slave trade

Answer 30

It helped colonies’ economies and kept wages low

Question 31

What is the importance of the Colombian exchange

Answer 31

Flow around the world of plants, animals, and people

Question 32

Why did the global population rise greatly during this period

Answer 32

Better diet through new crops

Question 33

Describe the importance colonies played in the mercantile system

Answer 33

Provides natural resources and markets, built up gold and silver supply for the mother country

Question 34

How did Herman Cortez conquer the Aztec empire

Answer 34

By using Indian allies and by being ruthless

Question 35

Why did the population of New France grow slowly

Answer 35

Because it was based on fur trading and Catholics were the only ones who could settle there

Question 36

Why did Europe suffer from widespread inflation in the 1500s

Answer 36

Because of the gold and silver coming from the Americas

Question 37

Why did mercantilist policy seek to protect local industries from foreign competition

Answer 37

Implemented tariffs, sought to strengthen their economy

Question 38

What export turned around the Jamestown colony

Answer 38

Tobacco exports

Question 39

Immunity

Answer 39

Resistance to disease