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ESUN MS2Unit3 > Rock And Roll > Flashcards

Rock And Roll Flashcards

1
Q

Can you have fibroma in the mouth?

A

Ya

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2
Q

What would be the causes of a rapidly enlarging nodule in your mouth?

A

Pyogenic granuloma (benign)

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3
Q

Intranuclear inclusion bodies indicate?

A

Viral replication

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4
Q

For non smoking and non alcohol use people that get squamous cell carcinoma, think ____ as a possible cause

A

HPV

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5
Q

Chronic sinusitis can lead to?

A

Osteomyelitis

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6
Q

H influenza can causes ___ that results in ____?

A

Epiglotitis/difficult breathing and swallowing

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7
Q

What is the common bacteria that causes periodontitis?

A

Actinobacillus

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8
Q

Chronic otitis media gives?

A

Cholesteatoma

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9
Q

The axons ___ to the point of injury degenerate

A

Distal

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10
Q

Long standing diabetes can lead to chronic ___ failure

A

Chronic renal failure

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11
Q

Segmental demyelination is seen in peripheral neuropathy of ____ pt

A

Diabetes

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12
Q

Type II fiber atrophy is caused by ___?

A

Excess glucocorticoid (Cushing Syndrome)

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13
Q

Statin can induce?

A

Myopathy

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14
Q

Malignant hyperthermia is from a mutation of ___ and causes ___?

A

Mutation of ryanodine receptor/causes impaired reuptake of Ca into SR—>muscle hypermetabolism

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15
Q

What is trachoma?

A

Eye infection caused by chlamydia—>inflammation followed by conjunctiva scarring (eyelash growing inward)—>blindness

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16
Q

What causes corneal dendritic ulcers?

A

HSV

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17
Q

What is keratoconus?

A

Bulging of the anterior chamber—>thinning of the cornea—>really bad vision

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18
Q

What is the most severe form of corneal stromal dystrophy?

A

Macular dystrophy—>keratan sulfate deposits in cornea

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19
Q

Systemic glucocorticoids can cause what kind of eye problem?

A

Cataract

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20
Q

What is the causes of cataract?

A

Nuclear sclerosis of the lens

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21
Q

What is hyperopia?

A

Farsighted

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22
Q

Hyperopia can causes?

A

Narrowing of the anterior chamber—>obstructing aqueous outflow—>painful primary open angle glaucoma

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23
Q

What is sympathetic opthalmia?

A

Trauma to one eye—>release antigen—>goes to the other eye and cause immune reaction

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24
Q

Can melanoma be in the eyes?

A

Yes. Seen as a pigmented mass, can cause retinal detachment

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25
Q

HTN can cause the gradual loss of vision with ___ of the arterioles

A

Narrowing

26
Q

Long standing diabetes can cause what kind of eye problem?

A

traction retinal detachment

27
Q

What is retrolental fibroplasia?

A

Eye complication from premature birth—>O2 toxicity to immature retinal vasculature

28
Q

Sickle cell can cause what eye problem?

A

retinal hemorrhage

29
Q

Which lysosomal storage disease affects the eye?

A

Tay-Sachs—>deficiency in hexosaminidase A

30
Q

Anti-____ reduce vision loss of macular degeneration?

A

VEGF

31
Q

Smoking worsen what eye problem?

A

Macular degeneration

32
Q

When you see cupped excavation in the eye, you think?

A

Glaucoma

33
Q

What can pneumococcal meningitis affect in the brain?

A

Arachnoid villi that reabsorb CSF—>cause hydrocephalus

34
Q

Ischemia causes cytotoxic or vasogenic cerebral edema?

A

Cytotoxic

35
Q

Communicating and non communicating hydrocephalus can be caused by?

A

Infection

36
Q

What is holoprosencephaly?

A

Fetus fails to divide the brain into two different hemispheres

37
Q

Arnold-Chiari malformation can lead to __?

A

Hydrocephalus

38
Q

What is the most common intraventricular hemorrhage of premature infants? and what does it cause?

A

Germinal matrix hemorrhage—>obstruction of CSF—>hydrocephalus

39
Q

Lucid interval is characteristics of what kind of hematoma?

A

Epidural (lens shaped)

40
Q

When you see sudden and episodic neurologic symptoms, you think?

A

TIA

41
Q

Red neurons are seen in __ hypoxia and infarcts are seen in __ hypoxia?

A

Global/focal

42
Q

Cerebrovascular disease that results in cerebral infarction is often caused by ___ disease?

A

Cardiac

43
Q

HTN hemorrhages are usually in ___ parts of the brain?

A

Basal ganglia/pons/thalamus

44
Q

HTN encephalopathy causes?

A

Fibrinoid necrosis and petechial hemorrhages

45
Q

Subarachnoid hemorrhages can cause hydrocephalus by obstructing ___ and ___?

A

Foramina of Luschka and Magendie

46
Q

Ateriovenous malformation is often presented?

A

In young adult/lesions leaks blood and gliosis is present

47
Q

Gram + coccus is? Gram - diplococci is?

A

S. pneumoniae/N. mengitidis

48
Q

Pachymeningnitis can be caused by?

A

S. peunomiae—>otitis media—>mastoid air cell—>epidural abscess

49
Q

Aseptic meningitis is marked by ___ cells?

A

Mononuclear

50
Q

Positive Romberg sign/argyll robertson pupil, think?

A

Neurosyphilis

51
Q

Arbovirus causes elevated ___ and ___ in CSF?

A

protein and neutrophils

52
Q

Multinucleate cells in microglial nodules are seen in ___?

A

HIV dementia

53
Q

What parasitic infection of the brain causes seizure and hydrocephalus?

A

Taenia solium

54
Q

After infection, young pt might develop ___ that mimics MS?

A

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

55
Q

Huntington’s is caused by the loss of __ neuron in the caudate nucleus?

A

Spiny

56
Q

Leukodystrophy spare __ part of the brain?

A

Subcortical myelin

57
Q

Tay-Sachs disease affect __ population?

A

Infants

58
Q

Wernicke disease has abnormalities in ___ and ___?

A

Mammillary body and periaqueductal gray matter

59
Q

How is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome different from Wernicke disease?

A

Wernicke disease + memory problems and confanbulation = Wernicke-Korsakoff

60
Q

What is the molecular markers for oligodendrogliomas?

A

GFAP +/1p and 19q co-deletion

61
Q

What brain tumor is associated with polycythmia?

A

Hemangioblastoma

ESUN MS2Unit3 (11 decks)

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