Chapter 7 Flashcards
Stratification
systematic inequalities between groups of people that arise as intended/unintended consequences of social processes/relationships
Four types of sratification
Race, family ties, location, ethnicity, gender, group advantage over another group
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
argued private property creates social inequalities and social conflict
Adam Ferguson and John Millar
agreed w/ Rousseau that private property creates inequality but argued that it was GOOD because it made some people prosper and created assets
Assets
Form of wealth that can be stored for the future
Ability to create assets=work incentive=higher efficiency=improved society
Thoma Malthus
viewed inequality favorably but only to CONTROL POPULATION GROWTH
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’s Master-Slave Dialectic
said most social relationships were based on master-slave models in which the master becomes as dependent on the slave as the slave is to the master
Ontological Equality
everyone is created equal in God’s eyes
Equality of Opportunity
Idea that inequality of condition is acceptable as long as everyone has the same opportunities for advancement and judged by same standards
Equality of Condition
equal starting point
ex) affirmative action
Equality of Outcome
Everyone in a society would end up with the same ‘rewards’ regardless of his or her starting point, opportunities, or contributions
Estate System
politically based system of stratification, limited social mobility
Caste System
system of stratification based on hereditary notions(religious&theological purity) NO PROSPECTS OF SOCIAL MOBILITY
Class System
economically based system of stratification, somewhat loose social mobility based on roles in production over individual characteristics
Karl Marx
felt society was divided strictly by two classes: Proletariat ad Bourgeoisie