Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Question 1

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by

Answer 1

Impaired responsiveness of the kideny to ADH

Question 2

Chlorpropamide

Answer 2

Thiazide Diuretic

Oral hypoglycemic sulfonylurea drug

Restricts sodium chloride intake

Not very effective in the treatment of CDI in cats and dogs

Requires the presence of endogenous ADH to act

Question 3

Central Diabetes Insipidus is treated with

Answer 3

Desmopression, DDAVP

Thiazide Diuretics

Question 4

Actions of ADH

Answer 4

Stimulate reabsorption of water → increased water in ECF and decreased ECF osmolality

Stimulate the thirst center and increase water intake → increased ECF and decreased ECF osmolality

Question 5

Drug of choice for Central Diabetes Insipidus in dogs and cats

Answer 5

Desmopressin, DDAVP

Question 6

Desmopressin, DDAVP

Answer 6

Synthetic ADH analog

Minimal vasoconstrictor action

Given parenterally or nasal drops on conjunctival sac

Question 7

Drug of choice for Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 7

Thiazide Diuretics

Question 8

T/F: Natural ADH is more potent and has longer duration of action than Desmopressin, DDAVP

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Types of Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 9

Central Diabetes Insipidus

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Question 10

Central Diabetes Insipidus is caused by

Answer 10

ADH deficiency

Question 11

Diabetes insipidus is commonly associated with what clinical manifestations?

Answer 11

Polyuria and Polydipsia

Question 12

How is ADH stimulated to be secreted

Answer 12

1. Volume contraction increases ECF osmolality
2. Increased ECF stimulate osmoreceptors
3. Osmoreceptors stimulate ADH Secretion

OR

1. Hypotension stimulate volume receptors
2. Volume receptors stimulate ADH secretion

Question 13

How is natural ADH used in the diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 13

Administered IM or IV over 1 hour in lactated ringers or 5% dextrose solution