Unit 2, Chapter 13

Question 1

Spoils system

Answer 1

Policy of rewarding political supporters with public office, first widely employed at the federal level by Andrew Jackson

• widely abused by unscrupulous office seekers
• helped cement party loyalty in the emerging 2-party system

Question 2

Tariff of abomination

What? Who opposed this tariffs?

Answer 2

(1828) unpredictably high duties on imports
- south opposed the tariff, arguing it hurt southern farmers, who didn’t enjoy protection of tariffs, but were forced to pay higher prices for manufacturers

Question 3

Nullification crisis

Answer 3

(1832-1833) showdown between Andrew Jackson and the South Carolina legislature

• South Carolina declared the 1832 tariff null and void in the state and threatened succession if the federal government tried to collect duties
• resolved with a compromise negotiated by Henry clay in 1833

Question 4

compromise tariff of 1833

Answer 4

passed as a measure to resolve the Nullification Crisis

-tariffs would be lowered gradually over the course of 10 years

Question 5

force bill

Answer 5

(1833) authorize the president to use the military to collect federal tariff duties
- passed alongside the compromise of 1833

Question 6

trail of tears

Who? Where?

Answer 6

(1838-1839) forced march of 15,000 cherokee indians from their georgia and Alabama homes to indian territory

Question 7

black hawk war

Between who? Where?

Answer 7

(1832) series of clashes in Illinois and Wisconsin between American forces and indian chief black hawk o the saux and fox tribes, who unsuccessfully tried to reclaim territory lost under the 1830 indian removal act

Question 8

indian removal act

Answer 8

(1830) ordered the removal of indian tribes still residing east of the Mississippi to newly established indian territory west of Arkansas and Missouri
- tribes resisting eviction were forcibly removed by american forces

Question 9

Bank war

Answer 9

(1832) battle between president Andrew jackson adn congressional supporters of the bank of the united states over the Bank’s renewal
- Jackson vetoed the bank bill, arguing that the bank favored moneyed interests t the expense of western farmers

Question 10

anti-masonic party

Answer 10

(Established ca. 1826) gained considerable influence in New England and the mid-atlantic during the 1832 election, campaigning against the politically influential masonic order, a secret society

• founded in New York
• Anti-masons opposed Andrew Jackson, a mason, and drew much of their support from evangelical protestants

Question 11

pet banks

Answer 11

popular term for pro-jackson state banks that received the bulk of federal deposits when jackson moved to dismantle the bank in 1833

Question 12

panic of 1837

Answer 12

economic crisis triggered by bank failures, elevated grain prices, and jackson’s efforts to curb over speculation on western lands and transportation improvements
-in response, president martin van buren proposed the “divorce bill”

Question 13

specie circular

Answer 13

(1836) required all public lands be purchased with “hard,” or metallic currency
- issued after small banks flooded the market with unreliable paper currency

Question 14

“divorce bill”

Answer 14

pulled treasury funds out of the banking system altogether, contracting the credit supply

Question 15

Alamo

Answer 15

fortress in Texas where 200 american volunteers were slain by santa anna in 1836

Question 16

goliad

Where? What?

Answer 16

Texas outpost where american volunteers were massacred by Mexican forces inn 1836
-the incident, along with the slaughter of the Alamo, fueled american support for Texan independence

Question 17

battle of san Jacinto

Answer 17

resulted in the capture of Mexican dictator santa anna, who was forced to withdraw his troops from Texas and recognize the Rio grande as Texas’s southwestern border

Question 18

Corrupt bargain

Who? What?

Answer 18

Alleged deal between presidential candidates John Quincey Adams and Henry clay to throw the election to be decided by the house of reps in Adams favor

Question 19

Andrew Jackson

Answer 19

Common man’s president or King Andrew

• Held grudges
• as president-very distrustful in monopolies and the rich
• support of planter elite and frontiersman