Ch 6.1

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

Smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element, basic building block of all matter.

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

Substance that can’t be broken down into simper chemical substances.

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

Positively charged center of an Adam composed by neutrons and protons and also surrounded by a cloud of negative charged ions

Question 4

Compound

Answer 4

Substance composed of Adams of two or more different elements that are chemically combined

Question 5

Covalent bond

Answer 5

Chemical bond formed when two atoms combined by sharing electrons

Question 6

Molecule

Answer 6

Group of Adams held together by covalent bonds, has no overall charge

Question 7

Ion

Answer 7

Adam or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons, has a positive or negative electric charge

Question 8

Ionic bond

Answer 8

Chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between two ions of opposite charge

Question 9

Metabolism

Answer 9

All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism

Question 10

Mixture

Answer 10

Combinations of substances in which individual components do not combine chemically and retain own properties

Question 11

Solution

Answer 11

Mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly into another substance(sulvant)

Question 12

PH

Answer 12

Measure of how acid it or basic a solution is

Question 13

Acid

Answer 13

Any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water has a lower pH than seven

Question 14

Base

Answer 14

Any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water has a higher pH level than seven

Question 15

Isomer

Answer 15

Compounds with the same simple formula but different 3-D structure resulting in different physical and chemical properties

Question 16

Polymer

Answer 16

Large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together

Question 17

Condensation

Answer 17

Chemical reaction by which polymers are formed

Question 18

Hydrolysis

Answer 18

Method by which polymers can be broken apart

Question 19

Carbohydrate

Answer 19

Organic compound used by cells to store and release energy composed of hydrogen oxygen and carbon

Question 20

Lipid

Answer 20

Organic compounds mainly called fats and oils

Question 21

Protein

Answer 21

Large complex polymer, is essential to all life composed of carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen and also sulfur

Question 22

Amino acid

Answer 22

Basic building blocks of protein molecules

Question 23

Peptide bond

Answer 23

Covalent bond formed between amino acids

Question 24

Enzyme

Answer 24

Type of protein found in all living things that increases the rate of chemical reactions

Question 25

Nucleotide

Answer 25

Subunits of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base.