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Spinal > Exam 1-Vertebral Foramen > Flashcards

Exam 1-Vertebral Foramen Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical shape/outline of the vertebral foramen at each region of the spinal column/vertebral column?

A

cervical-triangluar
thoracic-oval
lumbar-triangluar
sacrum-trianglular

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2
Q

At what vertebral level will the spinal cord terminate?

A

L1

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3
Q

At what vertebral level will the dural sac typically terminate?

A

S2

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4
Q

Wht are the segmental arteries?

A

the arteries whose branchessupply the vertebra or segment

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5
Q

Identify all segmental arteries

A

vertebral, ascending cervical, deep cervical, superior (highest) intercostal, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar, iliolumbar, lateral sacral and median (middle) sacral

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6
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the cervical spine?

A

the verterbal artery, ascending cervical artery and deep cervical artery

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7
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the thoracic spine?

A

the deep cervical artery, superior (highest) intercostal artery, posterior intercostal artery and subcostal artery

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8
Q

What are the segmental arteries of the lumbar spine?

A

the lumbar arteries, ililumbar artery, lateral sacral artery and median (middle) sacaral artery

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9
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the verterbal artery?

A

C1-C6

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10
Q

What segmental levels are suppplied by the ascending cervical artery?

A

C1-C6

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11
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the deep cervical artery?

A

C7-T1

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12
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the superior (highest) intercostal artery?

A

T1, T2

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13
Q

What segmental levels are suppliedv by the posterior intercostal artery?

A

T3-T11

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14
Q

What segmental level(s) is/are supplied by the subcostal artery?

A

T12

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15
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the lumbar arteries?

A

L1-L4

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16
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the median (middle) sacral artery?

A

L5, S1-S5, coccyx

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17
Q

What segmental levels are supplied by the iliolumbar artery?

A

L5, S1-S5, coccyx

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18
Q

Which branches of thespinal artery supply the contentsof the epidural space?>

A

osseous arteries, anterior spinal cnala artery, posterior spinal canal artery

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19
Q

What arteries are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

anterior spinal canal artery and plexus

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20
Q

What arteries are observed in the epidural space near the ligamentum flavum?

A

posterior spinal canal artery and plexus

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21
Q

Which branches of the spinal canal artery supply the contents of the subarachnoid space?

A

anterior radicular artery, posterior radicular artery, anterior medullary feeder artery, posterior medullary feeder artery

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22
Q

Which vessel will supply the venteral/anterior nerve rootlet and nerve root?

A

anterior radicular artery

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23
Q

Which vessel will supply the dorsal/posterior nerve rootlets,nerve root and nerve root ganglion?

A

posterior radicular artery

24
Q

What is the name given to the artery that lies in front of the spinal cord along its length?

A

anterior spinal artery

25
Q

The anterior spinal artery is a branch of which artery?

A

the vertebral artery

26
Q

Is the anterior spinal artery a single continuous atery along the spinal cord?

A

no

27
Q

As the anterior spinal artery continues along the spinal cord, which arteries unite along its length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel?

A

anteior medullary feeder arteries

28
Q

The posterior spinal artery is a branch of what artery?

A

the posterior inferior cerebellar artery

29
Q

What is the position of the posterior spinal artery relative to the spinal cord?

A

it lies in the posteriolateral sulcus along the spinal cord

30
Q

Is the posterior spinal artery a single, continuous artery along the spinal cord?

A

no

31
Q

As the posterior spinal artery continues along the spinal cord, which arteries unite along its length to give the appearance of a single continuous vessel?

A

posterior medullary feeder arteries

32
Q

What changes to the arterial vasa corona occur between C3 and C6?

A

right and left anterior spinal arteries fuse to become a single median anterior spinal artery, the right and left posterior spinal arteries are unchanged, and the 4 communicating arteries are reduced to 3 communicating arteries

33
Q

What arterial vasa corona branches supply gray matter and most of the spinal cord?

A

ventral,central,sulcal perforating perforating arteries

34
Q

What intramedullary branchessupply about 1/3 of the spinal cord?

A

pial perforating arteries

35
Q

What is the source for pial perforating arteries?

A

the pial plexus

36
Q

What is the primary artery supplementing the arterial vasa corona?

A

anteior medullary feeders and posterior medullary feeders

37
Q

What vessels drain the spinal cord?

A

pial veins

38
Q

Which vessels will drain the venous vasa corona?

A

anterior medullary veins, posterior medullary veins

39
Q

Which vessels will drain the ventral/anterior nerve roots?

A

anterior radicular veins

40
Q

Which vessels will drain the dorsal/posterior nerve roots?

A

posterior radicular veins

41
Q

What vessel will drain the dorsal/posterior nerve root ganglion?

A

posterior radicular veins

42
Q

What veins will lie in the subarachnoid space?

A

pial veins, venous vasa corona, anterior longitudinal veins, communicating veins, anterior medullary veins, posterior medullary veins, anterior radicular veins, posterior radicular veins

43
Q

What veins are observed in the epidural space near the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

anterior internal vertebral plexus, basivertebral vein

44
Q

What veins are observed in the epidrual space near the ligementum flavum?

A

posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

45
Q

What venous vessels are identified in the intervertebral foramen?

A

intervertebral veins

46
Q

Identify the meninges of the spinal cord (spinal medulla or medulla spinalis)

A

dura mater-tough mother
arachnoid mater-spider mother
pia mater-tender of delicate mother

47
Q

Name and locate each space formed between the osseous vertebral foramen and the spinal cord (spinal medulla or medulla spinalis)

A

epidural space-between the vertebral foramen and the dura mater

subdural space-between the dura mater and subarachnoid mater

subarachnoid space-between the dura mater and pia mater

48
Q

What is the name given to the fluid within the epidural space?

A

interstitial fluid

49
Q

What are the contents of the epidural space?

A

anterior and posterior spinal canal artery and plexus

anterior and posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

basivertebral vein

Recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertberal/sinus vertebral nerve

Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments

ligamentum flavum

posterior longitudinal ligament

50
Q

What of the contents of the epidural space will be found nearthe vertebral body?

A

anterior spinal canal artery and plexus

anterior internal vertebral venous plexus

basivertebral vein

Recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertberal/sinus vertebral nerve

Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments

posterior longitudinal ligament

51
Q

Which of the contents of the epidural space are more likely to be located near or around the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

anterior spinal canal artery and plexus

anterior internal vertebral venous plexus

basivertebral vein

Recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertberal/sinus vertebral nerve

Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments

52
Q

Which of the contents of the epidural space will be found near the lamina?

A

posterior spinal canal artery and plexus

posterior internal vertebral venous plexus

ligamentum flavum

53
Q

What is the name given to the fluid within the subarachnoid space?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

54
Q

What are the typical contents of the subarachnoid space down to level C3?

A 
Arteries:
anterior spinal 
posterior spinal 
communicating 
aterial vasa corona
pial perforating
central/sulcal perforating
anterior radicular
posterior radicular
anterior medullary feeder
posterior medullary feeder
dentate/denticulate ligament
Veins:
anterior longitudinal
posterior longitudinal
communicating
venous vasa corona
pial 
anterior radicular
posterior radicular
anterior medullary
posterior medullary
intervertebral
55
Q

What contents of the subarachnoid space are changed below level C6?

A

the arterial vasa corona consists of 1 anterior spinal artery, 2 posterior spinal arteries, and 3 communicating arteries

56
Q

What is the name given to the lateral extension of the pia mater along the spinal cord?

A

dentate (denticulate) ligamen

57
Q

What is the unique feature of the veins along the spinal canal?

A

they lack the bicuspid valve of typical veins

Spinal (19 decks)

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