Topic 6 - Heredity (Inheritance) Flashcards
1
Q
Inheritance
A
- transfer of genetically determined characteristics from one generation to the next
2
Q
genetics
A
study of inheritance
3
Q
23 homologous pairs
how many is ___________
how many is ______
A
- 22 homologous pairs autosomal - somatic characteristics
- 1 pair sex chromosomes
4
Q
XY
male or female
A
Male
5
Q
XX
male or female?
A
Female
6
Q
alleles
A
genes occupying the same locus on homologous chromoosmes
7
Q
alleles may be:
A
homozygous or heterozygous
8
Q
homozygous
A
- same allele of a particular gene on homologous chromosomes
- e.g. both alleles express the same version of a trait
- e.g. blonde hair (bb), black hair (Bb)
9
Q
heterozygous
A
- different alleles of the same gene
- e.g. alleles code for different expressions of the same trait
- e.g. Bb
10
Q
catalogue of a person’s genes (genetic makeup)
e.g. Bb
A
Genotype
11
Q
expression of genotype (genes) to give observable characteristics
e.g. black hair
A
Phenotype
12
Q
- expressed in phenotype regardless of other allele
- BB or Bb: ________ expressed
- e.g. black hair
A
dominant allele
B
13
Q
- expressed in phenotyp only if present on both alleles
- bb
- blonde hair
A
recessive allele
b
14
Q
- determines probability of inheritance
- predicts offspring genotype and phenotype
- hair colour trait BB x bb
A
punnet square
15
Q
- hemophilia
- colour-blindness
- duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
all due to recessive alleles on the X chromosome
A
sex-linked inheritance
