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Path 2 Final NEW info > Aliment. Track > Flashcards

Aliment. Track Flashcards

1
Q

what is this an example of ?

A

Congenital anomalie e

-cleft palate ( palatoschisosis)

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2
Q
A

congenital anomalie

Hair lip ( “Cheiloschisosis”)

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3
Q

What is this an exmaple of ?

A

“Chieloschisis”

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4
Q

What toxin can cause palatoschisis?

A

Veratrum Califoricum

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5
Q

What is a Malocclussions ?

A

Failure to the upper and lower incisors to interdigitate properly

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6
Q

When an animal has a short lower jaw would would it be called ?

A

Brachygnathia

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7
Q

Whats it called when animal has a protrusion of the lower jaw ?

A

Prognathia

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8
Q

What is dental attrition ?

A

Loss of tooth structures caused by mastication

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9
Q

Pathogensisi of Peridontal disease

A

resident bact. films make acids and enzymes which cause enamel, gingival

and periodontal ligament damamge.

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10
Q

Primary diseases are rare of the tongue, the exception is?

A

Actinobacillosis ( A. lignieresii)

=chronic stomatitis/ pyogranulomatous glossitis/ wooden tongue

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11
Q

What is this picture characteristic of ?

A

This is the DORSAL aspect of tongue

* very characteristis of Actinobacillosis**

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12
Q

What disease would you expect to see these with ?

A

seen with A. Lingieresii ( gram - rod)

** radiating clubs of amorphous eosinophilic material **

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13
Q

What agent causes thrush ?

A

Candida spp. ( C. albicans)*

* seen in young animals txd with ab for a long period of time

* affects the top most area= “ hyperkeratosis”

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14
Q

What would you think of if you seent this picture ?

A

C. albicans ( Thrush)

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15
Q

What does this lesion make you think ?

A

Renal disease= Uremic Glossitis

** VENTRAL ASPECT OF TONGUE *

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16
Q

What are these lesions characterisist of ?

What disease are seen in cats with it ??

A

Lymphoplasmacytic ginigivits

  • via increase in immune response to bodies OWN cells *
  • usually with FeLV or FIV (+) cats
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17
Q

What is the difference between a vesicle and a bulla ?

A

Vesicle is filled with clear fluid and <1cm

Bulla is >1cm

* In oral cavity of cat and dog = rule out Immune med.

( for cats often from calicivirus)

-in oral of lg animal = rule out non fatal diseases that cause MAJOR economic loss

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18
Q

What do you think of this pretty picture ?

What does the cat usually have if it has this ?

A

Feline chronic gingivo-stomatitis ( FCGS)

  • usualy FIV (+) cats
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19
Q

Explain the pathogensis of viral vesicular stomatities

A

1 .viral induced epi. damage

  1. intracellular edema in keratinocytes ( ballooning degeneration)= vesicles= bullae=rupture= erosion and ulceration **

” Epitheliotropic”

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20
Q

What disease do you think of with this ?

A

Vesicular glossitis via Calcivirus infection

** DORSAL ASPECT OF TONGUE*

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21
Q

Tell me about this FMD, who it affects, the pathogenisis

A

* ruminants and pigs * ( NOT HORSES)

  • FAD * Highly contagious with high morbidity and low mortality *
  • virus ingested/inhaled> pharynx>viremia> oral mucosa & epidermal sites

Clinical Signs= drooling saliva ( pytalism) and lame

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22
Q

What will you think of when you see this ? cause you better know it

A

FMD

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23
Q

what will you think of when you see this lesions ?

A

FMD

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24
Q

Whats the deal with Malignant form of FMD ??

A

NO vesiculation *

in young animals more

* Characterized by myocardial necrosis ( Tiger Heart )

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25
Q

What disease are these lesions characteristic of ?

A

Malignant form of FMD

” Tiger heart “

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26
Q

What animals do Vesicular exanthema occur in ??

A

Pigs only <3 ( Calcivirus)

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27
Q

What viruse(s) can cause lesions like this ?

A

left= BVD ( attacks EPI cells)

right= MCF ( attackd endo. cells ( blood vessels)

* MCF via ovine herpes virus 2 ( sheep non-symptomatic carrier)

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28
Q

What kind of agent cause Papular Stomatitides?

A

* these are proliferative lesions( something is being gained)

  1. Bovine papular stomatitis= Parapox vius

” coin shaped papules and ulcers”

associated with milkers nodules in ppl

  1. Contagious Ecthyma “ contagious viral pustular derm.” “ orf” “ Sore mouth”
    - parapoxviurs
    - lambs or goats 3-6mo old *
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29
Q

What kind of lesion is this caused by ?

A

Example of a Papular Stomatities

  • ” Bovine Papular Stomatitis” via parapoxvirus
  • coin shaped papules and ulcers*
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30
Q

What do you think of this ?

A

Contagious Ecthyma “ Contagious viral pustular dermatitis” “ orf” “sore mouth”

-via parapoxvirs

in lambs and goats 3-6mo old

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31
Q

What do you think of when you see this picture ??

A

Necrotizing Stomatitis

-VIA: Fusobacterium Necrophorum

” Calf Diphtheria”

  • stain with PAS
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32
Q

What is this lesion characteristic of ?

A

Feline Eosinophilic Granuloma

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33
Q

What do you think this lesion means the cat has ??

A

Eosinophilia ulcer seen with feline eosinophilic granuloma

*

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34
Q

What do you think is going on here woman ?

A

Feline Eosinophilic Granulomas

* want to bx this to make sure its not neoplastic or lymphoplasmocytis

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35
Q

What is this an exmaple of ?

A

Non- neoplastic proliferative lesion

** Gingival Hyperplasia **

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36
Q

What is an Epulis ?

A

a tumor of the periodontal ligament

* there are 3 kinds *

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37
Q

What are the 3 kinds of Epuli?

A
  1. Fibromatous ( benign)
  2. Ossifying Epulis ( benign)
  3. Acanthomatous ameloblastoma (malignant*)
38
Q

what is this an example of ?

A

Epulis

39
Q

What is up with the canine creature ?

A

Canine Oral Papillomatosis

-papovavirus induced papilliform/ cauliflow lesions

* transmissible and affects animals <1yr old

-regress spontaneously & immunity is long lasting

40
Q

What kind of lesion is this and with what disease ?

A

seen with canine oral papilloma

-verrucous lesion made of think keratinized stratified squam. epi

41
Q

What do you think of when you see this ??

A

Oral Melanoma *

  • most common in dogs ( 90% are malignant)
  • smaller breeds and oral pigmentation predisposed
  • move via hematogenous and lymphatic rt.
42
Q

Whats the deal with Amelanotic melanoma ?

A

MOREE invasive !! meaning the cells are less differentiated

43
Q

What do you think of when you see this lesion ?

A

Fibrosarcoma ( palate and maxilla)

  • must ddx from osteosarc and chondrosarc
44
Q

What is a cause of congenital Megaesophagus

A

PRAA

-causes distension PROXIMALLY of esophagus

45
Q

What can cause aquired megaesophagus

A

Idiopathic or myasthenia gravis

* will show stricture after the heart *

46
Q

What do you think of with this picture ?

A

Choke, seen in horses and cow

47
Q

What about choke causes this type of lesion ?

A

” Reflux Esophagitis”

  • gastric fluid comes up and the esoph. lays down extra Kertain to protect itself (Hyperkeratosis)= but the gastric juices destroy it = erosion = “ Striation lines”
48
Q

What must you think of when you see this ?

A

BVD **

this is Erosive-ulcerative esophagitis

49
Q

What is this called? what must you think of when you see this ?

A

” Erosive Ulcerative Esophagitis”

* BVD*

50
Q

Whats the difference between Ruminal Tympany/ bloat Primary vs secondary ?

A

in general: overdistension of the rumen or reticulum by gases produced during fermentation

Primary=new diets

Secondaru= physical or fxnal obstruction which causes failure to eructate

51
Q

How do you tell if bloat was PM or AM ??

A

That Bloat Line baby

-the most reliable PM indicator of AM bloat!!!

( 90% of bloated animals will have this cutie)

52
Q

What is this ? What causes it? Tell me things !

A

Chemical Rumenitis

  • via grain overload which leads to lactic acidosis
  • reticulum sloughs off* only a superficical change and causes intradermal pustules with

some ballooning degeneration

53
Q

what will you think of when you see this lesions ??

A

These are Stellate ulcers ( ruminal scars) that we see with chemical rumenitis

54
Q

Which side does Abomasal displacement occur most commonly ?

A

occurs most often in post- parturient dairy cows & calves

  • LEFT SIDE MOST COMMON *
  • right side occurs about 15% of the time and has a higher chance of abomasal volvulus*

listen for that high pitch ping baby

55
Q

What animal does gadtric rupture occur most commonly in ?

A

Horse *

-cause intestinal obstruction and unable to vomit

* CAN occur PM ( if its pale most likly PM change )

56
Q

What be this ? What animals does it occur in ??

A

Seen in pigs that are fed finely ground rations *

( main complication in a gastric ulcer is it leading to sepsis = dead pig)

57
Q

If you know this is a horse’s stomach with gastric ulcers

what would you think is happening ?

A

These are gastric ulcers in the stomach * within the

squamous stratidfied area *

  • commonly caused by NSAIDs
58
Q

How do NSAIDs cause gastric ulceration ?

A

there is a decrease in prostaglanding production = lack of protective role

59
Q

Most gastric ulcers in cats and dogs are _______

A

Idiopathic

60
Q

What can lead to gastric ulceration in dogs ??

A

Cutaneous mast- cell tumors

-mast cell tumor release histamine into blood= binds to receptors on parietal cells of

stomach = increasing HCL secretion

61
Q

What is this an example of and what can cause this ??

A

This is an example of a perforated gastro-duodenal ulcer in dog

with a mast cell tumor

62
Q

If see this lesion think of :

A

When see this gastric inflammation think of Ecoli nd Samonella

-thrombosis & hemorrhage secondary to endotox or bact. sepsis *

63
Q

What should you think of when seeing changes like this ?

A

Uremic gastritis

-from a increase in BUN= feels gritty from mineralization

( remember will also see lesions in the tongue, stomach, lungs and heart )

64
Q

What is this an example of??

A

Abomasitis (“ Braxy”- Bradspot)

via. Clostridium Septicum

65
Q

What is the cause of lesions like this ??

A

Via Mycotic Abomasitis**

-often caused by long term ab. therapy which destroys resident bact. flora to die

=promotes growth of angio-invasive fungi ( Asperigillus)

66
Q

what parasites cause this ?

A

Gasterophilus nasalis= closer to the stomach

Gasterophilus intestinalis= closer to the esophagus

67
Q

What be this ?

A

Gasterophilis intestinalis

68
Q

What caused this ?

Whats it called ?

A

This is a erosive ulcerative lesions caused by Gastrophilus Intestinalis

69
Q

What kind of parasitic gastritis causes this

A

Proliferative ( hyperplastic ) abomasitis

” Moroccan leather”

-via Ostertagia spp.

70
Q

What kind of parasit causes this lesion ?

A

= Brood pouch close to the margo plicatus

  • ” granulomatous gastritis”
  • via Draschia megastoma ( spirurid nematode)
71
Q

Want kind of problems does the Barber pole worm cause ?

A

Aka Haemonchus contortus

-disease in sheep and goats mostly *

=blood loss, anemia and hypoproteinemia ( bottle jaw )

72
Q

Whats the number 1 gastric neoplasia in horses ?

A

gastric SCC **

aggressive and locally invasive

  • can met out and cause peritoneal carinomatosis
73
Q

What do you think of when you seen this ?

A

gastric lymphosarcoma in a horse *

*

74
Q

What are some examples of congenital anomalies ?

A

Atresia Coli

Atresia Ani

Lethal White Syndrome

75
Q

Wht are the kinds of Atresia Coli can occur ?

A

= a segmental anomalie in intestine and can be :

stenosis= incomplete occulsion of the intestinal lumen

atresia= complete occlusion of the intestinal lumen

76
Q

what can happen with atresia ani

A

Imperforate anus with a concomitant recto- vaginal fistula

* will cause a prominent megacolon *

77
Q

Talk to me about Lethal White Syndrome in foals

A

It is a congenital colonic aganglionosis= an autosomal recessive genetic disorder

  • most prevalent in American Paint Horse *
  • most horses with a white spotted pattern are carriers of train ( heterozy.)

Microscop. lesions seen: no myenteris of submucosal PNS ganglia in the wall of the ileum, cecum and colon = intestinal immotility and colic

78
Q

What is this ??

A

This is an enterolith = a forigen body *

79
Q

What do you call a hairball ?

A

Trichobezoars ( hairballs)

80
Q

What do you call an obstruction from plant material *

A

Phytobezoars or phytotrichobezoars

81
Q

What is this called? and what do you think of when you seen this in a pig ??

A

This is an quired stenosis **

This is a pig ( Rectal stricture) is a sign of chronic salmonellosis

(S. Typhymurium)

82
Q

What kind of Hernias occur ??

A

Hernia= protrusion of an organ/part of organ/tissue through an abnormal opening

Internal - displaceent of intestine through normal/abnormal foramina

External= displacementout outside the body wall

Eventration= displaced abd. contensts not covered by parietal peritomeum

83
Q

What do you call it when the intestine telescopes ?

A

Intussusception

outerpart= Intussuscipiens

innerpart= Intussusception

** BLOOD DIARRHEA *

84
Q

Eteritis-

Typhlitis-

Colitis-

Enterocolitis-

Typhocolitis-

Proctitis-

A

Enteritis- sm. git

Typhlitis- cecum

Colitis- colon

enterocolitis- sm and lg git

typhocolitis- lg git

proctitis- retum

85
Q

what are the clinical signs of inflamm. of intestine

A

Diarrhea causes dehydration>acidosis>malabsorp>hypoproteinemia>e- imbalance

86
Q

What kind of disease do you think of when you see these lesions ?

A

BVD **

  • likes to hit peyers patches *
  • affects 6-12mo old

” Necroulcerative Colitis”

87
Q

What kind of agent causes this ?

A

MCF *

we have the sheep associated MCF

88
Q

What do you expect with enteric coronavirual infections?

A

common cause of neonatal diarrhea in calves

-sometimes in combo with rotavirus/ crypto

= destroy enterocytes= diarrhea from not being able to absorb.

89
Q

Transmissible gastro enteritis in piglets *

A

severe villous atrophy

-fluid filled intestine is characteristis of neonatal diarrhea

90
Q

Enteric rotaviral infection

A

Diarrhea in young animals

  • damage to surface enterocytes= villous atrophy ( diarrhea

cause not able to absorb)

-subclinical infections in piglets

91
Q

What about Parvovirus Enteritis

A

Seen in dogs and cats **

Dogs- intestinal lesions mostly

cats- bone marrow lesions mostly

  • serosal surface is dull/glanular because of fibrin deposit

= BLOODY DIARRHEA *

Path 2 Final NEW info (7 decks)

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