The Cell

Question 1

Unicellular

Answer 1

An organism that consists of only one cell

Question 2

Multicellular

Answer 2

An organism that consists of more than 1 cell

Question 3

Robert Hooke

Answer 3

Looked at cork cells under the microscope, first to look at cells

Question 4

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 4

First to study living organisms in a drop of water (living cells)

Question 5

Matthias schleiden

Answer 5

Concluded that all plants are made up of cells

Question 6

Theodore Schwann

Answer 6

Concluded that all animals are made up of cells

Question 7

Rudolph Virchow

Answer 7

Studied cell reproduction and stated that cells can only come from pre-existing cells

Question 8

Cell theory

Answer 8

1) all living things are made up of cells
2) the cell is the basic unit of structure and function in all living things 3) new cells are produced from existing cells

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

Control center of the cell, contains the cells nucleus

Question 10

Organelle

Answer 10

Components of the cell that carry out its life processes

Question 11

Eukaryotes

Answer 11

Cells that have a cell membrane and cytoplasm and also have a nucleus and organelles

Question 12

Prokaryotes

Answer 12

Cells that have a cell membrane and cytoplasm but do not have a nucleus or organelles

Question 13

Cell membrane

Answer 13

Controls what enters and leaves a cell

Question 14

Why do cells stay small

Answer 14

If a cell grows too large, there is not enough surface area (cell membrane) to let in enough nutrients and let out enough waste

Question 15

Cytoplasm

Answer 15

Everything between the cell membrane and the nucleus

Question 16

Nuclear envelope

Answer 16

Membrane that surrounds the nucleus and allows structures to enter and leave

Question 17

Chromosome

Answer 17

A thread like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic info in the form of genes. Long and thin

Question 18

Chromatin

Answer 18

The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed. Consists of proteins, rna, and dna. Short and coil

Question 19

Nucleolus

Answer 19

Produces the ribosomes

Question 20

Ribosomes

Answer 20

Put amino acids together to make proteins using instructions from dna

Question 21

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 21

Tunnels and sacs for proteins and other particles to move about the cell, lipids for cell membrane put together here. Rough and smooth er

Question 22

Golgi body

Answer 22

Modify and package proteins to be shipped where they are needed (add CHO and lipids)

Question 23

Mitochondria

Answer 23

Use food and oxygen to make atp through cellular respiration (so makes energy) contains small amount of dna

Question 24

Cellular respiration

Answer 24

O2 + CHO = Co2 + H2O + NRG (atp)

Question 25

Lysosomes

Answer 25

Break down food, bacteria, waste, and warm out cell parts

Question 26

Microtubules and microfilaments

Answer 26

Combine to form cytoskeleton

Question 27

Cilia

Answer 27

Hairlike organelles that line the surfaces of certain cells and beat in rhythmic waves

Question 28

Flagella

Answer 28

Whip like structure that allows a cell to move

Question 29

Cell wall

Answer 29

Provides support and protection for the cell, is outside of cell membrane

Question 30

Vacuoles

Answer 30

Store water, salts, protein, CHO, and pressure helps plant support itself

Question 31

Chloroplasts

Answer 31

Use light energy to make food through photosynthesis, contains small amount of dna

Question 32

Photosynthesis

Answer 32

CO2 + H2O + NRG(light) = O2 + CHO

Question 33

Atp

Answer 33

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 34

Amino acid

Answer 34

Building blocks of proteins

Question 35

Cell

Answer 35

Basic unit of life