Neuronal Function Flashcards
(21 cards)
Components of Central Nervous System
Brain and spinal chord; neurons and glia
Components of Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons and glia outside CNS
Signal reception in neuron
Dendrites and soma; receive signal and convert to a change in membrane potential
Signal integration in neuron
Axon hillock - signal is converted to an action potential
Signal conduction in neuron
Axon
Signal transmission in neuron
Axon terminals release neurotransmitter
Nernst Equation/Equilibrium Potential
Nernst Potential (E) = 58mV log [ion]outside/[ion]inside
Na+/K+ ATPase
Hydrolyzes 1 ATP to transport 3Na+ ions out of cell, and 2K+ ions into cell
Voltage gated ion channels
Open in response to voltage
Ligand-gated ion channels
Open in response to receptor-binding
Ohm’s Law
Voltage = Resistance x current
Ability to store a charge (Q) when a voltage difference occurs between two surfaces
Capacitance
The capacitance increases with…
Increased cell size
4 properties of action potentials
1 - all or none response
2 - self propagating
3 - electrotonic current spread
4 - regernative cycle
Giant axons have ______ conduction speed
High
Myelination speeds/slows action potentials
Speeds
What ion is needed to release vesicles of NT into synapses
Ca2+
What causes inhibitory postsynaptic potentials? (IPSP)
Hyperpolarization of membrane
What causes excitatory postsynaptic potentials? (EPSP)
Depolarization of membrane
Spatial summation
Postsynaptic potentials from different sites influence the net change in membrane potential
Temporal summation
Postsynaptic potentials that occur at slightly different times influence net change in membrane potential
