Integumentary System (Functions)

Question 1

hermoregulation

Answer 1

homeostatic regulation of body temperature

the skin liberates sweat at the surface and adjusts flow of blood in the dermis

Question 2

blood reservoir

Answer 2

ther dermis houses network of blood vessels that carry 8 to 10 % of the totatl blood flow in a resting adult

Question 3

protection

Answer 3

tightly intelocked cells (keratinocytes) resis invasion by microbes
oily sebrum keeps skin and hair from drying out and kills surface bacteria

Question 4

keratin

Answer 4

protects the underlying tissue from microbes, abrasions, heat, and chemicals

Question 5

melanin pigment

Answer 5

helps sheild against damaging effects of UV light

Question 6

immunological function

Answer 6

aletering immune system to presence of microbial invadersand consuming any that bypass the alerting cells

Question 7

cutaneous sensations

Answer 7

sensations that arise in the skin: tactile, pain, thermal

Question 8

tactile sensations

Answer 8

touch, pressure, vibration, and tickling

Question 9

excretion

Answer 9

elimination of substances from the body

about 400 mL of water evaporates from the corneum daily

Question 10

sweat

Answer 10

removes heat, salts, carbon dioxide, and byproducts of protein breakdown (ammonia and urea)

Question 11

absorption

Answer 11

the passage of materials from the external environment into body cells

Question 12

lipid soluable substances

Answer 12

penetrate the skin including vitamins A,D, E and K, certain drugs, oxygen, and carbon dioxide

Question 13

synthesis of vitamin D

Answer 13

requeires activation of a precursor molecule in the skin by UV rays in sunlight
enzymes in the liver and kidneys modify the activated molecule

Question 14

calcitrol

Answer 14

most active form of vitamin D

hormons that aids in the absorption of calcium in foods from the GI tract into the blood

Question 15

10 to 15 minutes

Answer 15

UV exposure at least twice per week is required fro vitamin D synthesis