Bacteriology: The Basics

Question 1

pathogens are prominently from

Answer 1

proteobacteria

Question 2

someof the smallest bacteria are

Answer 2

rickettsia , .5 micron

Question 3

shapes of bacteria

Answer 3

cocci - sphere
bacillus  - rod
vibrio - curved
spirillum
spirochete

Question 4

Mutualistic symboisis

Answer 4

host recieve goods and service and bacteria

Question 5

commensalism is

Answer 5

bacteria may benefit while host may or not be unaffected

Question 6

disease (pathagens)

Answer 6

bacteria causes damage indirect or direct

Question 7

Opportunists

Pathobionts

Answer 7

under normal circ. doesn’t cause problems

can be pathogenic under some conditions

Question 8

resons bacteria infection are on the rise

Answer 8

immunocompromised

antibiotic resistant bacteria

Question 9

microbiota

Answer 9

bacteria associated with the human body
skin 10 to the 12
gut 10 to the 14

Question 10

benefits of increasing diversity as you descend the tract is

Answer 10

extract energy and nutrients
immune system development
affect metabolism of drugs
protects against pathogens

Question 11

colonization resistance is

Answer 11

not allow space for new bacteria to grab hold

Question 12

differences between pro and eukaryote

Answer 12

single, circular chromosomes
no internal organelles, no nucleus
cell wall compent
70S ribosomes
replication

Question 13

bacteria replicate by

Answer 13

binary fission

Question 14

binary fission phases

Answer 14

lag
log (exponential)
Stationary
Death

Question 15

biofilm deveolpment stages

Answer 15

attachment
sessile growth
biofilm maturation
Dispersal

Question 16

biofilms can form

Answer 16

in environment
medical devises
body surfaces

Question 17

Gram +

Answer 17

retain purple dye due to petidoglycan

Question 18

Gram - has

Answer 18

two layers: outer membrane and periplasmic

lipopolysaccharide

Question 19

factors associated with bact. plasma membrane important to pathogenesis:

Answer 19

ETC- a and anaerobics
sporulation
Protein secretion system (types I-VII)
Flagella
Adhesins (fimbrial and afimbrial)
Capsule

Question 20

protein in flagella

Answer 20

flagelum? flagellin

Question 21

flagellin is highly

Answer 21

antigenic

Question 22

Pili (aka fimbriae) can mediate contact

Answer 22

with other bacteria, surfaces, host cell and ECM

Question 23

pili can act as receptors

Answer 23

for phage, promote conjunction and biofilm formation

Question 24

Type IV implicate in

Answer 24

conjugation (bacterial mating)
DNA binding/uptake (competence)
motility

Question 25

Capsules are made of

Answer 25

polysaccharides

Question 26

capsules provide protection against

Answer 26

desiccation, phage, detergents, antimicrobial peptides

Question 27

antibodies against specific capsule (K antigen) are

Answer 27

opsonic