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EDUC220 > Ch2 > Flashcards

Ch2 Flashcards

1
Q

development

A

orderly, adaptive changes humans go through

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2
Q

physical development

A

body structure

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3
Q

personal development

A

personality

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4
Q

social development

A

ways in which one relates to others

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5
Q

cognitive development

A

(gradual, orderly) mental processes become more complex

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6
Q

maturation

A

genetically programmed, naturally occurring over time

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7
Q

neurogenesis

A

production of new neurons

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8
Q

people develop at…

A

different rates

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9
Q

development is relatively..

A

orderly

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10
Q

development takes place

A

gradually

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11
Q

development occurs at

A

different rates/times in different parts

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12
Q

_____.. not _____ is the rule

A

correlation; compensation

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13
Q

development proceeds at

A

the rate it starts

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14
Q

there are ___ differences

A

sex

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15
Q

brain lateralization

A

2 specialized hemispheres connected by the corpus callosum

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16
Q

Kant’s influence in Piagetian Theory

A

innate categories help make our experiences

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17
Q

Evolutionary influences in Piagetian Theory

A

features of organisms that allowed adaptation and development

18
Q

2 basic tendencies/invariant functions

A

Organization, Adaptation

19
Q

adaptation

A

adjusting to the environment

20
Q

organization

A

ongoing process of arranging info and experience -> mental systems/categories

21
Q

schemes

A

mental systems/categories of perception and experience

22
Q

assimilation

A

fitting new info into existing schemes

23
Q

accommodation

A

altering existing schemes/creating new ones in response to new info

24
Q

equilibration

A

search for mental balance between cognitive schemes and info from environment

25
Q

disequilibrium

A

(“out-of-balance” state) current ways of thinking arent working to solve/understand

26
Q

4 stages of cognitive development

A

Sensorimotor -> Preoperational -> Concrete operational -> formal operational

27
Q

sensorimotor

A

0-2 years

learning through reflexes/senses/movement

gains object permanence

28
Q

preoperational

A

5/7 years

language, symbols, difficulty with past/future, difficulty understanding another pov

29
Q

concrete operational

A

7-12

mentally manipulate objects + explain transformations, logical thinking about concrete (hands-on) problems

understands past, present, future

30
Q

formal operational

A

adulthood

hypothetical/deductive thinking, abstract/logical thinking, multiple perspectives, concerns about social issues/personal identity/justice

31
Q

semiotic function

A

ability to use symbols (language, pictures, signs, gestures) to represent actions or objects mentally

32
Q

reversible thinking

A

thinking backward, from end to beginning

33
Q

conservation

A

principle that some characteristics of an object remain the same despite changes in appearance

34
Q

decentring

A

focusing on 1(+) aspect at a time

35
Q

egocentric

A

assuming others experience the world the way you do

36
Q

concrete operations

A

mental tasks tied to concrete objects and situations

37
Q

identity

A

principle that person/object remains the same over time

38
Q

compensation

A

principle that changes in one dimension can be offset by changes in another dimention

39
Q

seriation

A

arrangement of objects in sequential order according to 1 aspect (eg weight, size, volume)

40
Q

hypothetico-deductive thinking

A

individual begins by identifying all the factors that might affect a problem and then deduces and systematically evaluates specific solutions

41
Q

limitations to Piagetian theory

A

limited vocab, some can show higher intelligence than their age suggests, memory problem when an infant cannot find the object

42
Q

implications for education

A

understanding students’ thinking, matching teaching strategies to abilities

EDUC220 (16 decks)

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