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Lukas > World History Test > Flashcards

World History Test Flashcards

1
Q

Where were the most powerful abolitionist movements?

A

Britain and Europe

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2
Q

What are 5 techniques that abolitionists used to pressure the government to take action?

A

1) pamphlets w/ descriptions of slavery
2) petitions to Parliament
3) lawsuits
4) boycotts of slave produced products
5) public meetings featuring testimonies of former slaves

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3
Q

In what year did Britain end the sale of slaves within its empire?

A

1807

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4
Q

In what year did Britain free all remaining slaves?

A

1834

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5
Q

What did British naval vessels do during the abolition period?

A

In the Atlantic, they intercepted illegal slave ships and freed the slaves on board

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6
Q

Which famous French abolitionist is known for writing the declaration of the rights of women and the female citizen?

A

Olympe de Gouges

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7
Q

Who is Olympe de Gouges? What is her real name?

A

Famous playwright and abolitionist known for writing the declaration of the rights of women and the female citizen. Real name is Marle Gouze.

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8
Q

Describe life before the Industrial Revolution (name six characteristics)

A

1) Most people lived in rural villages; small communities
2) Farming was a major economic sector
3) 1/3 of the babies died before 1 year old; life expectancy was 40 years old
4) Diseases were common
5) Private and public farm lands were not separated or fenced off (open field system)
6) It was easy for many families and farmers to work the land cooperatively and productively

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9
Q

What was the life expectancy of people before the Industrial Revolution?

A

40 years old

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10
Q

What is the open field system?

A

Farmers could plant crops on unfenced private and public lands. Britain had an open field system prior to the Industrial Revolution.

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11
Q

What is the Enclosure Movement?

A

It was when law were passed in the Britain that allowed land owners to take over and fence off private and common lands.

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12
Q

What was one of Great Britain’s earliest industries?

A

Wool industry

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13
Q

What is the “used domestic system”?

A

Products are produced in the home by hand

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14
Q

What were two advantages of the used domestic system?

A

1) Workers set own hours and could take care of domestic duties
2) Women took care of kids and cooked while making money at home

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15
Q

Where did most coal field lay?

A

Under the farmland

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16
Q

Name 4 agricultural innovations from the Industrial Revolution

A

1) lighter plows
2) selective animal breeding
3) crop rotation
4) higher yielding seeds

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17
Q

What were three affects of the agricultural innovations?

A

1) increased output
2) lower food prices
3) less farmers needed

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18
Q

Why did many farmers move to the city during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Farmers lost their jobs farming due to agricultural innovations so they had to move to cities to find work.

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19
Q

What kind of government did England have during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Absolute Monarchy

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20
Q

What did weariness of taxes lead to?

A

Monarch/leaders formed alliances with their merchant classes

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21
Q

Which three natural resources became very valuable during the Industrial Revolution?

A

coals, natural gas and oil

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22
Q

What were the British aristocrats’ role in the Industrial Revolution?

A

They had money to invest in labor, machines, and raw materials

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23
Q

What generated global exchange and innovation in Europe?

A

Europe had widespread contact with culturally diverse peoples

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24
Q

What role did colonies in America play in Europe’s Industrial Revolution?

A

Colonies in America gave to Europeans

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25
Q

What are two things better farming leads to?

A

Better farming –> more food –> more people

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26
Q

Explain how religious toleration increased in Britain during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Britain welcomed skilled workers of all faith

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27
Q

What is the factory system?

A

It is an organized system of production that brings machines and workers together under control of a manager

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28
Q

Who is called the father of the Industrial Revolution?

A

Samuel Slater

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29
Q

Who is Samuel Slater?

A

The father of the Industrial Revolution

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30
Q

Name three innovations from the Industrial Revolution?

A

1) Textiles
2) flying shuttle
3) Spinning Jenny

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31
Q

What is the flying shuttle?

A

The flying shuttle was an invention that allowed for weavers to weave faster, eventually allowing for automatic machine looms

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32
Q

What is the Spinning Jenny?

A

It is an invention that revolutionized cotton spinning

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33
Q

What two things are Eli Whiney famous for?

A

Interchangeable parts and cotton gin (or cotton engine)

34
Q

What are interchangeable parts?

A

Parts that are identical so they are interchangeable in machines

35
Q

What is Henry Bessemer known for?

A

The Bessemer Process

36
Q

What is the Bessemer Process?

A

The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel

37
Q

Who invented the steam engine?

A

James Watt

38
Q

Who invented the steam boat?

A

Roert Fulton

39
Q

Who invented gasoline engines?

A

Gottlieb Daimler

40
Q

Who invented oil engines?

A

Rudolf Diesel

41
Q

Who invented dirigibles?

A

Ferdinand von Zeppelin

42
Q

Who invented the airplane?

A

Wright Brothers

43
Q

Who invented the telegraph?

A

Samuel Morse

44
Q

Who invented the telephone?

A

Alexander Vandel

45
Q

Name 6 transportation inventions during the Industrial Revolution

A

1) steam engine
2) steam boat
3) gasoline engines
4) oil engines
5) dirigible
5) airplane

46
Q

Name 2 communication inventions during the Industrial Revolution

A

telegraph and telephone

47
Q

Describe society before the Industrial Revolution

A

Position in life was determined at birth. No social mobility

48
Q

How did the Industrial Revolution change social mobility?

A

People could make money and become famous with talent and abilities

49
Q

Which social class benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution?

A

The middle class

50
Q

What kind of jobs did upper class people have during the Industrial Revolution?

A

1) factory and mine owners
2) bankers
3) merchants

51
Q

What kind of jobs did the middle level class have during the Industrial Revolution?

A

1) smaller businessmen
2) doctors
3) lawyers
4) engineers
5) teachers
6) journalists
7) scientists
8) other professionals

52
Q

Describe the work conditions of the working class (Name 3 descriptions)

A

1) dangerous
2) monotonous
3) strict work schedules

53
Q

Why were the work conditions of the working class dangerous? (Name 4 reasons)

A

1) Accidents were common and workers had to work multiple machines as few as possible
2) 10-14 hour work days
3) Work in unventilated rooms
4) low wage

54
Q

What kinds of diseases were common among the working class? (Name 2 diseases)

A

Pneumonia and tuberculosis

55
Q

What were the living conditions of workers? (Name 4 descriptions)

A

1) Lived in overcrowded smoky cities
2) Lived in cold apartments near the factories
3) Water supplies were contaminated
4) Unsanitary (working class received few public services, such as sanitation)

56
Q

What percentage of workers were under 16?

A

18%

57
Q

What was the life of children’s like? (Name three things)

A

1) Children worked 12 hour shifts and worked sometimes throughout the night
2) Often became crippled or ill from work
3) Didn’t attend school

58
Q

What were the goals of the Meiji restoration? (Name two goals)

A

1) To save Japan from foreign domination

2) Transform/modernize Japanese society by bringing western culture in

59
Q

Why did the self-strengthening program worked for Japan?

A

1) Japan was a smaller society

2) Japan is an island so it had natural boundaries to keep it safe

60
Q

How did America influence the Japanese during industrialization?

A

The Japanese brought in America’s ideas and culture

61
Q

What is social darwinism?

A

It is survival of the fittest in society

62
Q

How did religion impact South Africa?

A

Religion transformed identities for the African people

63
Q

How did African women impact Africa?

A

They took over the jobs of men

64
Q

What was it called when foreign powers decided to take Africa piece by piece?

A

Scramble for Africa

65
Q

Who was known as the “sick man of Europe”?

A

The Ottoman Empire

66
Q

What were the Tanzimat Reforms?

A

Government incorporated European powers (They were series of reforms started by the Ottoman Empire. The reforms were influenced by European ideas and were intended to start a fundamental change of the empire from the old system based on theocratic principles to that of a modern state.)

67
Q

What was the competition known as the Great Game?

A

It was the strategic economic and political rivalry and conflict between the British Empire and the Russian Empire for supremacy in Central Asia

68
Q

What were the reasons why the Ottoman lost their territory to other European powers? (Name four reasons)

A

1) European aggression
2) Invasion from Russia, France, and Australia
3) Nationalism
4) Independence movements

69
Q

Which three countries invaded the Ottoman empire?

A

Russia, France, and Australia

70
Q

Who were the supporters of Ottoman reform?

A

The young Turks

71
Q

Why did Chinese nationalism start?

A

Because of Chinese patriots and their leaders

72
Q

Why couldn’t the Qing dynasty control people who were against them?

A

There were many people against them because they were outsiders

73
Q

What year did the Qing dynasty collapse?

A

1911

74
Q

Who controlled China after the Qing dynasty?

A

Sun Yat Sen

75
Q

What happened to Mexico from 1910 to 1920?

A

local protests and increased violence

76
Q

What group of people joined the workers and the peasants to overthrow the dictatorship in Mexico?

A

Middle class reformers

77
Q

How many people died in the Mexican revolution?

A

around 1 million

78
Q

What was the goal of people who wanted to overthrow the dictatorship?

A

Redistribute land to the peasants

79
Q

What happened in 1917 in Mexico?

A

The Mexican constitution was born.

80
Q

What was proclaimed in the Mexican constitution? Name 4 things

A

1) Redistribute land
2) Strip Catholic church of power
3) A minimum wage law
4) 8-hour work day

Lukas (16 decks)

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