February 9, 2016 - Respiratory Pathology

Question 1

Maximum Lung Development

Answer 1

Occurs around age 10

Question 2

Acinus

Answer 2

A cluster of cells that resembles a berry.

In the lungs, this is in the respiratory bronchioles where they terminate in acini, which are many-lobed sacs containing groupings of alveoli.

Question 3

Type 1 Pneumocyte

Answer 3

Squamous cells (giving more suface area to each cell) and cover approximately 90-95% of the alveolar surface.

These cells are thin as they facililtate gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries.

Question 4

Emphysema

Answer 4

Abnormal permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchiole with alveolar wall destruction and without obvious fibrosis.

Question 5

Centriacinar Emphysema

Answer 5

Common among smokers, people with chronic bronchitis, and in the upper lobes.

(Smoking most often affects upper lobes)

Question 6

Panacinar Emphysema

Answer 6

Usually A1AT deficiency.

Made worse by smoking.

Question 7

Charcot-Leyden Crystals

Answer 7

Microscopic crystals found in people who have allergic diseases such as asthma, or found in parasitic infections such as parasitic pneumonia or ascariasis.

They are indicitive of a disease involving eosiniphilic inflammation or proliferation.

Question 8

Bronchiectasis

Answer 8

Permanent dilation of bronchi and bronchioles caused by destruction of the muscle and elastic tissue resulting from / associated with chronic necrotizing infections.

Question 9

Bronchopneumonia

Answer 9

Acute inflammation of the walls of the bronchioles.

Question 10

Empyema

Answer 10

A collection of pus in the plueral cavity.

Question 11

Miliary Tuberculosis

Answer 11

Widespread disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Characterized by tiny lesions

Question 12

Pneumoconiosis

Answer 12

An occupational lung disease and a restrictive lung disease caused by the inhalation of dust.

Deaths from silicosis, asbestosis, and coal.