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Chemistry AS > Module 1 - F321 > Flashcards

Module 1 - F321 Flashcards

1
Q

Isotopes

A

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

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2
Q

Atomic (proton) number

A

Atomic (proton) number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

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3
Q

Mass (nucleon) number

A

Mass (nucleon) number is the number of particles (protons and neutrons) in the nucleus.

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4
Q

Ion

A

An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms.

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5
Q

Relative isotopic mass

A

Relative isotopic mass is the mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

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6
Q

Relative atomic mass

A

Relative atomic mass, is the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

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7
Q

Relative molecular mass

A

Relative molecular mass, is the weighted mean mass of a molecule compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

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8
Q

Relative formula mass

A

Relative formula mass is the weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

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9
Q

Amount of substance

A

Amount of substance is the quantity whose unit is the mole. Chemists use ‘amount of substance’ as a means of counting atoms.

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10
Q

Avogadro constant

A

Avogadro constant, is the number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope.

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11
Q

Mole

A

A mole is the amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon-12 isotope.

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12
Q

Molar mass

A

Molar mass, is the mass per mole of a substance. The units of molar mass are g mol-1

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13
Q

Empirical Formula

A

The empirical formula is the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound.

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14
Q

Molecule

A

A molecule is a small group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.

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15
Q

Molecular formula

A

The molecular formula is the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

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16
Q

Molar Volume

A

Molar volume is the volume per mole of a gas. The units of molar volume are dm3mol-1. At room temperature and pressure, the molar volume is approximately 24dm3mol-1.

17
Q

Concentration

A

The concentration of a solution is the amount of solute, in mol, dissolved per 1dm3 of solution.

18
Q

Standard solution

A

The standard solution is a solution of known concentration. Standard solutions are normally used in titrations to determine unknown information about another substance.

19
Q

Species

A

A species is any type of particle that takes part in a chemical reaction.

20
Q

Stoichiometry

A

Stoichiometry is the molar relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction.

21
Q

Acid

A

An acid is a species that is a proton donor.

22
Q

Base

A

A base is a species that is a proton acceptor

23
Q

Alkali

A

An alkali is a type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions, OH- ions: sodium hydroxide, NaOH

24
Q

Salt

A

A salt is any chemical compound formed from an acid when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion, such as the ammonium ion, NH4+

25
Q

Cation

A

A cation is a positively charged ion

26
Q

Anion

A

An anion is a negatively charged ion.

27
Q

Hydrated

A

Hydrated refers to a crystalline compound containing water molecules.

28
Q

Anhydrous

A

Anhydrous refers to a substance that contains no water molecules.

29
Q

Water of crystallization

A

Water of crystallization refers to water molecules that form an essential part of crystalline structure of a compound.

30
Q

Oxidation Number

A

An oxidation number is a measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bod with atoms of another element. Oxidation numbers are derived from a set of rules.

31
Q

Oxidation

A

Oxidation is loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number.

32
Q

Reduction

A

Reduction is gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number.

33
Q

Redox reaction

A

A redox reaction is a reaction is a reaction in which both reduction and oxidation take place.

34
Q

Reducing agent

A

A reducing agent is a reagent that reduces another species.

35
Q

Oxidising agent

A

An oxidizing agent is a reagent that oxidises another species.

Chemistry AS (7 decks)

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