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Neuro Exam 2 > anesthetics > Flashcards

anesthetics Flashcards

1
Q

Stages of anesthesia

1.

2.

3.

4.

A
  1. analgesia
  2. excitement
  3. surgical anesthesia
  4. medullary depression
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2
Q

Stage of analgesia

  • analgesia with/without ____
  • ___pupils
  • euphoria
A

Stage of analgesia

  • analgesia with/without amnesia
  • normal pupils
  • euphoria
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3
Q

Stage of excitement

patient appears delirious and may vocalize, respiration is ____ in volume and rate, ____ blood pressure, mydriasis (combative behavior)

A

Stage of excitement

patient appears delirious and may vocalize, respiration is irregular in volume and rate, increased blood pressure, mydriasis (combative behavior)

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4
Q

Thiopental is a _____

A

barbiturate

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5
Q

Morphine and fentanyl are _____

A

opiod analgesics

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6
Q

Midazolam is a ____

A

benzodiazapene

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7
Q

Propofol, Ketamine, Etomidate, and Dexmedetomidine are examples of other types of _____ anesthetics

A

IV

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8
Q

Halothane, Enflurane, Sevoflurane, Isoflurane, and Desflurane are examples of _____

A

volatile liquids

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9
Q

nitrous oxide is classified as a ___

A

gas

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10
Q

Anesthetic State

It is a global but reversible _____ of the central nervous system function resulting in the loss of response to and perception of all _____

A

Anesthetic State

It is a global but reversible depression of the central nervous system function resulting in the loss of response to and perception of all stimuli.

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11
Q

a state of decreased awareness of pain, sometimes with amnesia.

A

analgesia

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12
Q

a state of unconsciousness, analgesia, and amnesia, with skeletal muscle relaxation and loss of reflexes.

A

general anesthesia

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13
Q

provided by combination of drugs including inhaled and IV agents used to take advantage of individual drug properties in the attempt to minimize their adverse actions.

A

balanced anesthesia

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14
Q

______ medication can alter clinical signs of anesthesia

A

pre-anesthetic

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15
Q

Stage of surgical anesthesia

______respiration, changes in ocular movements, eye reflexes, miosis, progressive _____ of somatic and autonomic reflexes, progressive ______in blood pressure

A

Stage of surgical anesthesia

regular respiration, changes in ocular movements, eye reflexes, miosis, progressive loss of somatic and autonomic reflexes, progressive decrease in blood pressure

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16
Q

loss of consciousness, severe depression and arrest, no eye movement, circulatory and respiratory support necessary!!!

Stage of ______

A

Stage of medullary depression

17
Q

Induction of anesthesia

the time from ______of general anesthetic to the _____ of surgical anesthesia

A

Induction of anesthesia

the time from administration of general anesthetic to the achievement of surgical anesthesia

18
Q

Induction depends on how fast the anesthetic reaches the _____(inhaled or intravenous)

A

CNS

19
Q

In order to reach the CNS the anesthetic must be transferred from the alveolar ___ to blood and from blood to ____.

A

In order to reach the CNS the anesthetic must be transferred from the alveolar air to blood and from blood to brain.

20
Q

•Recovery depends on how quickly the anesthetic is removed from the ____.

A

blood

21
Q

three most important factors that influence rate of induction for inhaled anesthetics:

  1. The ___ in blood (blood gas/partition coefficient)
  2. The anesthetic partial pressure in the _____air
  3. The rate of pulmonary _____
A

three most important factors that influence rate of induction for inhaled anesthetics:

  1. The solubility in blood (blood gas/partition coefficient)
  2. The anesthetic partial pressure in the inspired air
  3. The rate of pulmonary ventilation
22
Q

Nitric oxide dissolves in blood more or less?

A

less

23
Q

Halothane dissolves in blood more or less?

A

more

24
Q

The more soluble an anesthetic is in blood, then more of it must be _____in blood to rise its partial pressure

A

The more soluble an anesthetic is in blood, then more of it must be dissolved in blood to rise its partial pressure

25
Q

Gases with low solubility in the blood reach high_____tensions more rapidly

A

Gases with low solubility in the blood reach high arterial tensions more rapidly

26
Q

anesthetics with _____ blood/gas partition coefficient (nitrous oxide) reach the CNS faster

A

anesthetics with smaller blood/gas partition coefficient (nitrous oxide) reach the CNS faster

27
Q
A

Neuro Exam 2 (18 decks)

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