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RUSVM Clinical Pathology > Interpretation of Leukocyte Responses in Disease > Flashcards

Interpretation of Leukocyte Responses in Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Erythremic Myelosis

A

Red cell leukemia

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2
Q

Penia

A

decreased concentration of cells

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3
Q

Microscopic changes seen with neutrophil degeneration

A

Marked cytoplasmic vacuolation

Nuclear swelling

Cell lysis

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4
Q

Excitement Leukocyte Response

A

“Fight or Flight” response - increased blood flow through microcirculation results in shift of leukocytes from marginated pool to the circulating pool

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5
Q

Causes of monocytosis

A

Inflammation

Stress Response

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6
Q

Microscopic changes seen with Neutrophil Toxic Change

A

Increased basophilia of cytoplasm

Presence of Dohle bodies

Cytoplasmic Vacuolation

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7
Q

Cytopenia

A

Decreased concentration of neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils

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8
Q

Causes of lymphopenia

A

Steroid response

Acute viral infection

Immunodeficiency

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9
Q

Inherited lymphocyte abnormalities

A

MPS and GM2 gangliosidosis - cytoplamsic granulation or vaculation

Alpha Mannosidosis - cytoplasmic vacuolation

Niemann Pick Disease - cytoplasma vacuolation

Acid Lipase Deficiency - cytoplasmic vacuolation

Fucosidosis - cytoplasmic vacuolation

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10
Q

Birman Cat neutrophil Granulation Anomaly

A

Of unknown cause

50% of Birman Cats have the disease

Can be confused with lysosomal storage disease

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11
Q

Excitement leukocyte response can result in

A

2x fold leukocyte concentration

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12
Q

Neutrophil Toxic Change

A

Due to accelerated rate of production seen with inflammation, which results in the persistance of ribosomes

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13
Q

Causes of Neutropenia

A

Consuption within inflammatory lesion

Immune mediated destruction

Lack of production by bone marrow

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14
Q

Neutrophil Degeneration

A

Describes neutrophils that are not in circulation

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15
Q

Lyphopenia, Neutrophilia and Eosinophilia can be seen with which leukocyte response?

A

Stress

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16
Q

Acquired changes in neutrophil morphology

A

Neutrophil Toxic Change

Neutrophil Hypersegmentation

Neutrophil Degeneration

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17
Q

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

A

Due to fused lysosomes

Pink granules

Neutrophils do not kill or phagocytize as well as normal

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18
Q

Left Shift

A

Increased concentration of immature neutrophils in the blood

19
Q

Myeloproliferative disorders

A

Neoplasms arising from bone marrow stem cells and involve neutrophils, monocytes, erythrocytes and rarely, eosinophils and basophils

20
Q

Clinical sign of Chediak Higashi Syndrome

A

Sliver to grey coat color due to fusion of melanin granules

Common in persian cats

21
Q

Granulocytic leukemia

A

Neutrophils

22
Q

Causes of eosinophilia

A

Parasitism

Hypersensitivity

Lesions producing eosinophil chemoattractants (Mast Cell Tumor)

23
Q

Leukemia

A

Presence of neoplastic cells in the blood or bone marrow

24
Q

Strees Leukocyte Response can occur with

A

Occurs with illness, pain, metabolic disturbances, treatment with corticosteroids/corticosteroid producing tumors

25
Q

Inflammation Leukocyte Response

A

Consumption of neutrophils in inflammatory response leads to increased production and early release from bone marrow

26
Q

T/F: Bone marrow problems are always reversible

A

False

____________________

FeLV virus infection = irreversible

27
Q

Myelomonocytic Leukemia

A

Neutrophils and monocytes

28
Q

Leukocyte Responses

A

Inflammation

Excitement

Stress

29
Q

Monocytic leukemia

A

monocytes

30
Q

Left shift or neutrophil concentration greater than 2x upper limit of reference interval

A

Neutrophilia

31
Q

Causes of lymphocytosis

A

Excitement Leukocyte Response

Neoplastic Lymphoproliferative Disease

Antigenic Stimulation

32
Q

Philia / cytosis

A

Increased concentration of cells

33
Q

Pelger Huet Anomaly

A

Failure for neutrophil nucleus to segment - continue to look like bands

______________________

Increased immature neutrophil count without any clinical signs

34
Q

Neutrophil hypersementation

A

Result of normal aging of the neutrophil may occur in vivo (longer circulation, use of corticosteroids) or in vitro (aging prior to making film)

35
Q

Erythroleukemia

A

Red cells and neutrophils or monocytes

36
Q

Neutrophilia + Lymphopenia + no left shift

A

Stress Leukocyte Response

37
Q

Acquired lymphocyte vacuolation can occur by

A

Ingestion of plants containing swainsonine which results in inhibition of lysosomal enzymes resulting in acuired lysosomal storage disease

38
Q

Neutropilia with Lymphocytosis and no left shift

A

Excitement Leukocyte Response

39
Q

Lymphoproliferative disorders

A

Neoplasms of lymphocytes and plasma cells

40
Q

Basophilia typically accompanies

A

eosinophilia

41
Q

Inherited neutrophil abnormalities

A

Pelger-Huet Anomaly

Birman Cat Neutrophil Granulation Anomaly

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

Lysosomal Storage Disorders with neutrophil granulation

42
Q

Orderly maturation

A

Concentration of each cell increases with the degree of maturity

43
Q

All inherited lymphocyte abnormalities except MPS and Acid Lipase Deficiency cause what type of disease

A

Severe Progressive Neurologic Diseas

RUSVM Clinical Pathology (22 decks)

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