Unit 1; cell membrane and scientific method

Question 1

Tonicity

Answer 1

consider the concentration of the dissolved solute. which way will the water flow?

Question 2

isotonic

Answer 2

the same. concentration of the solute is equal inside and outside of the cell. water flows by osmosis at a constant rate in and out.

Question 3

hypertonic

Answer 3

to much. A cell in a hypertonic environment will shrivel up. this is due to the fact that water flows to where the majority of the solute is and the solute is in greater amount on the outside then it is on the inside. water will leave by osmosis going from region of more water to less water.

Question 4

hypotonic

Answer 4

to little. cell in a hypotonic environment will swell. this is due to the fact that the water will flow by osmosis to the region with the most solute. the solute is greater IN the cell and has less on the outside.

Question 5

diffusion

Answer 5

movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

Question 6

osmosis

Answer 6

diffusion of water across a membrane

Question 7

dialysis

Answer 7

diffusion of solutes across a membrane

Question 8

osmotic pressure

Answer 8

pressure exerted on the hypertonic side ( where the water is going) pressure exerted on a side by the ability to draw water to itself. this pressure decreases over time because the solution gets diluted and its ability to draw water also decreases therefore decreasing the pressure.

Question 9

hypothesis

Answer 9

testable statement or tentative explanation for an observation. you can test it and other scientists can repeatedly verify it.

Question 10

theory

Answer 10

comes from well supported and tested hypothesis developed after extensive testing confirms the idea and it is falsifiable meaning that you can prove it wrong like a correction.

Question 11

scientific method

Answer 11

ask a question, form a hypothesis, set up controlled environment to test it, analyze results, draw conclusions and have others test it.

Question 12

parts of a hypothesis

Answer 12

dependant variable- observe or measure the results

indépendant variable- controlled variable

Question 13

inventor of the microscope

Answer 13

anton von leuwenhoek

Question 14

light microscopes

Answer 14

focus visible light rays

Question 15

electron microscopes

Answer 15

TEM- shine a beam of electrons through specimen and shows a detailed image inside a cell
SEM scan a narrow beam of electrons across surface and creates a 3D

Question 16

METER

Answer 16

1000000um
1000mm
100cm

Question 17

hypothesis

Answer 17

testable statement or tentative explanation of an observation

Question 18

scientific method

Answer 18

ask a question
form a hypothesis
set up a controlled experiment 
record and analyze
find conclusions

Question 19

theory

Answer 19

comes from a well tested supported hypothesis and it is falsifiable

Question 20

variables

Answer 20

dependant variable that comes first and is observed or recorded
indépendant variable comes second and is what the experimenter controls

Question 21

controlled experiment

Answer 21

experiment with a single variable being tested needs a control that experiences all the steps except for the one being tested to see if that variable is the one that is having the effect on the subject or thing and it results in support or rejection of the theory.