Muscles of Face and Scalp

Question 1

What does S.C.A.L.P. stand for?

Answer 1

Skin: sweat and sebaceous glands, artery venous, lymphatic drainage, hair and hair follicles.
C: Connective tissue; fatty avascular superficial layer and high vascularized deep layer
A: Aponeurosis; galea aponeurotica, strong tendinous sheet.
L: loose aerolar tissue; sponge like, danger area of scalp.
P: pericranium; forms the external periosteum of the calvarium.

Question 2

Which is the danger area of the scalp, and why?

Answer 2

Infection can spread quickly within it via emissary veins to form intercranial structures.

Question 3

Most facial and scalp muscles attach where?

Answer 3

to galea, skin and fascia, NOT BONE

Question 4

The scalp is chiefly supplied by which artery?

Answer 4

External carotid a.

Question 5

Muscles of facial expressions are innervated by which nerve?

Answer 5

Facial

Question 6

Muscles of facial expressions usually insert into where?

Answer 6

Into the skin

Question 7

Labi

Answer 7

lip

Question 8

oris

Answer 8

mouth

Question 9

stylo

Answer 9

styloid process

Question 10

omo

Answer 10

scapula

Question 11

what is the philtrum?

Answer 11

shallow groove on the median upper lip

Question 12

what is vermillion?

Answer 12

pinkest border of the lips with the surrounding skin

Question 13

Where does the lips attach to the gums by median folds of mucous membrane…

Answer 13

frenulum

Question 14

What is NOT a muscle of mastication?

Answer 14

buccinator

Question 15

Which m. takes pressure off of udnerlying veins?

Answer 15

platysma

Question 16

Where does the platysma insert mainly?

Answer 16

On the mandible, but on skin and muscles around the mouth.

Question 17

Both medial and lateral pterygoids are for what?

Answer 17

Chewing and grinding

Question 18

TMJ is what kind of joint?

Answer 18

Synovial

Question 19

With stress the TMJ can put pressure on which muscles?

Answer 19

masseter and temporalis

Question 20

Bell’s palsy

Answer 20

Unilateral paralysis of the muscles of facial expressions as a result of damage to the facial nerve.

Question 21

causes of bell’s palsy

Answer 21

inflammation of CVII near stylomastoid foramen.

exposure to cold

xomplixation of surgery

Question 22

What happens to you if you have bell’s palsy

Answer 22

entire side to droop in several cases, person cannot wrinkle forehead, close eye or pucker lips on affected side.

Question 23

STRABISMUS

Answer 23

a condition in which the two eyes are not properly aligned.

Question 24

What causes strabismus

Answer 24

hereditary, birth injury, poor muscle attachment, localized disease.

Question 25

what happens with strabismus and why

Answer 25

each eye sends an image to different areas of the brain and therefore confuses the brain, usually one sides messages iwll be ignored and that eye becomes weaker “lazy eye”

Question 26

anesthesia

Answer 26

Total relaxation of genioglossus

Question 27

what happens with anesthesia

Answer 27

causes tongue to fall posteriorly, obstructing airway to lungs

Question 28

trigeminal neuraglia

Answer 28

disorder of sensory root of CV

Question 29

how long can trigeminal neuraglia last?

Answer 29

15 minutes or more

Question 30

what is the cause of trigeminal neuraglia?

Answer 30

unknown, maybe due to anomalous blood vessels that compress the nerve