childhood/adolescent disorders

Question 1

most common chromosomal cause of ID

Answer 1

trisomy 21

Question 2

most common preventable cause of ID

Answer 2

fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 3

generally, ID is below what IQ

Answer 3

below 70

Question 4

most people with ID fall into what category

Answer 4

mild (IQ 50-70)

Question 5

ID requires impairments in what 2 domains

Answer 5

intellectual function

adaptive function

Question 6

diagnosis of ID is based on (2)

Answer 6

clinical assessment

standardized test of IQ

Question 7

language disorder

Answer 7

deficits in comprehension or production of written, spoken or sign language

Question 8

speech sound disorder

Answer 8

difficulties in speech production

Question 9

3 main impairments in ASD

Answer 9

social interaction
communication
restricted patterns of interest

Question 10

rett disorder

Answer 10

part of ASD, genetically based, only in girls, normal development through 6 months followed by stagnation and then regression

Question 11

childhood disintegrative disorder

Answer 11

part of ASD, normal development through age 3-4, then regression and loss of skills

Question 12

asperger’s disorder

Answer 12

part of ASD, significant difficulties in social interaction with preservation of language and cognitive development

Question 13

3 key behaviors of ADHD

Answer 13

inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity

Question 14

diagnostic requirements for ADHD under 17

Answer 14

6/9 inattention, 6/9 hyperactivity
impairment in 2+ settings
impairment for at least 6 mo
some sx present before 12

Question 15

diagnostic requirements for ADHD over 17

Answer 15

same except that only 5/9 must be present

Question 16

first line therapy for ADHD

Answer 16

stimulants (methylphenidate > amphetamines)

Question 17

class of medications that can cause tics in children

Answer 17

stimulants

Question 18

tourette syndrome

Answer 18

chronic vocal and motor tics, onset before age 18 and lasting at least 1 year

Question 19

frequently comorbid condition with tourette syndrome

Answer 19

OCD

Question 20

what can precipitate tourette syndrome in children?

Answer 20

PANDAS

Question 21

presentation of depressed children

Answer 21

more somatic/physical complaints

Question 22

presentation of depressed teens

Answer 22

more irritable

Question 23

symptoms in children with bipolar

Answer 23

depressive and manic symptoms may occur daily, mania may include psychosis

Question 24

selective mutism

Answer 24

failure to speak in social situations, when it is expected, despite fully ability to

Question 25

3 common features of ODD

Answer 25

angry/irritable mood
defiant behavior
vindictiveness

Question 26

hallmark of ODD

Answer 26

lack of respect for authority

Question 27

key difference between ODD and conduct disorder

Answer 27

ODD lacks dangerous, illegal behaviors; also do not tend to violate the rights of others

Question 28

ODD is related to what PD?

Answer 28

borderline

Question 29

conduct disorder

Answer 29

presence of 3/15 antisocial behaviors in the past 6 months (violate the rights of others and social norms)

Question 30

conduct disorder is related to what PD?

Answer 30

antisocial

Question 31

what is associated with a poor prognosis for conduct disorder?

Answer 31

earlier age of onset, more comorbidity

Question 32

separation anxiety disorder

Answer 32

excessive anxiety experienced upon separation from home or person with whom they have strong attachment

Question 33

reactive attachment disorder

Answer 33

inappropriate ways of related socially to others

Question 34

inhibited RAD

Answer 34

failure to initiate/respond appropriately

Question 35

disinhibited RAD

Answer 35

excessive, inappropriate familiarity

Question 36

% of children with mild ID that also have ADHD

Answer 36

10-20%

Question 37

enuresis m/c occurs

Answer 37

in the first 1/3 of the night

Question 38

night terrors commonly occur

Answer 38

during transition from deep sleep to lighter sleep