49-59 Flashcards
(32 cards)
Why was the Rump parliament so unpopular?
- Heavy taxation to pay the army
What did the Rump parliament declare in March 1649 in attempt to rid itself of unpopularity?
- dissolve itself and call new elections
When did Cromwell arrive in Ireland and with how many men?
- August 1649, 30,000
How was Cromwell’s action in Ireland harsh?
- Wanted to avoid a long drawn out campaign
- He dealt quickly and harshly to those who resisted, justifying them on military tactics
- Towns such as Drogheda and Wexford saw their citizens massacred
What is a quarter?
- showing mercy to those who surrender
What were Cromwell’s motives for his actions in Ireland?
- Garrisons that were attacked contained English royalists as well as Irish and were seen as part of the Charles ll alliance
- Catholics had carried out massacres in 1641 and this was his vengeance
When did Cromwell return from Ireland and why?
- Spring of 1650
- Threat from Scotland where Charles stuart had been crowned King Charles ll
What were some of the rumps archievements?
- Elizabethan law requiring weekly attendance at church was repealed
- Legal proceedings had to be written written in normal script so everyone could read it
What were the three major issues which b
What were the three main issues which brought the clashes between ramp and the army?
- Religion
- Reform of the law
- A new constitution
What had the ramp legislated in relation to religion?
Restrict religious liberty and in 1950 had legislated against some of the more extreme sects that had developed
What did Cromwell propose on the 19th of April 1653?
The ramp should handover supreme authority to about 40 men which the ramp had nominated and then dissolve itself
What was the bare bone parliament?
- 140 members
- Said no later than November 1654
- Chosen by the army
- ## Assembled July 1653
When was Cromwell appointed Lord protector?
December 1653
What was the role of the Lord protector?
- Appointed for life
- Confer on his appoint magistrates pardon conviction
- Less powerful than the king
What was the role of the council state?
- Recruit members
- Guide the Lord protect protector and policy-making
What were the instruments of government?
- 1653 to provide legal framework to rule without a monarchy
- 1657 May Cromwell Lord protector created a second chamber and enforced Republican ideals
What was the role of Parliament during Cromwell’s rule as Lord protector?
- Single elected chamber to act in conjunction with the protector as the legislative authority
- Summoned every third year and a separate for at least five months
- 400 members
Catholics excluded from voting and sitting as members
What reforms did the instrument make to religion
- Public profession of the Christian Face
- Provisions made for preaching
- Guidelines established for belief and worship
When were the first full election since 1640?
July 1654
When did Cromwell dissolve parliament 55?
22nd of January 1655
When did Cromwell call a second protectorate Parliament?
September 1656
Why did Cromwell call a second protectorate Parliament?
He was forced into this because he was short of money to fight a war against Spain having launched an attack on Spanish colonies
