4900 C1 Intro to Nutritional Assessment Flashcards
(36 cards)
prevalence
The number of existing cases of a disease or condition divided by the total number of people in a given population at a designated time. In indicates the burden of a disease or how common it is.
incidence
The number of new cases of a disease divided by the total # of persons at risk of the disease with in a specific time period, usually 1 yr. Indicates a person’s risk of chances of developing the disease per yr.
epidemic
Disease or condition that occurs at a higher rate than is normally expected based on past experience.
rickets
Common in infants and children characterized by malformed bones, delayed fontanel closure, & muscle pain. Caused by vit D deficiency.
pellagra
A niacin deficiency syndrome characterized by inflamed mucous membranes, mental deterioration, diarrhea, and eruptions in skin areas exposed to light or injury. The 4Ds: dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis, death.
beribebi
Disease resulting from thiamin deficiency & characterized by nervous tingling throughout the body, poor arm-leg coordination, deep calf muscle pain, heart enlargement, & occasional edema.
xerophthalmia
Caused by vit A deficiency. The conjunctiva & cornea dry and thicken. Blindness can ensue.
goiter & cretinism
Caused by iodine deficiency
Infectious disease
Any disease caused by the invasion & multiplication of microorganisms: bacteria, fungi, viruses.
fortification
The addition of nutrients to food at a nutrient concentration greater than originally present &/or the addition of nutrients not initially existing in food.
enrichment
replace certain nutrients lost in food processing
nutritional screening
A process to identify an individual who is malnourished or who is at risk for malnutrition to determine if a detailed nutrition assessment is indicated.
nutritional assessment
The measurement of indicators of dietary status & nutrition related health status of individuals or populations to identify the possible occurrence, nature, & extent of impaired nutritional status (ranging from deficiency to toxicity).
The 4 methods of nutritional assessment?
ABCD. Anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, dietary methods
anthropometry
The measurement of the physical dimensions and gross composition of the body.
biochemical methods
Includes measuring a nutrient of its metabolite in blood, feces, or urine, or other component in blood that have a relationship with nutritional status.
Subjective Global Assessment
A clinical method for assessing nutritional status that relies on information collected by the clinician through observation & interviews at the patient’s bedside.
morbidity
Illness or sickness
enteral nutrition
nutrient mixes delivered into the stomach or sm intestine through feeding tubes
parenteral nutrition
nutrient mixes administered directly into veins.
The Nutrition Care Process (NCP)
Developed by the AND, a systematic problem-solving method in which dietetic practitioners use critical-thinking skills to make evidence-based decisions addressing the nutrition-related problems of those they serve of any age or health condition.
Four steps of the NCP?
Nutritional assessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention, & nutritional monitoring and evaluation.
nutrition care indicators
Data collected during the 1st step of the nutrition care process (assessment). Allow the practitioner to determine whether a nutrition problem exists and to make informed decisions about it
PES statement
A nutrition diagnosis is summarized in a single, structured sentence or nutrition diagnosis statement having 3 distinct components: the problem (P), the etiology (E), & signs and symptoms (S).
