B1 1.1 Diet And Exercise Flashcards
What is a lack of a balanced diet called
Malnourished
What does the body use proteins, fats and carbohydrates for
To release the energy that is required to live and build new cells
What can result from a lack of vitamins and minerals
You need small amounts of vitamins and minerals for your body to work healthily. Without them you will suffer Deficiency diseases
What does a balance diet contain?
A balanced diet contains the correct amount of
Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Fibre Water Minerals Vitamins
Who needs to take in more energy male or females
Males, higher proportion of muscle than fat. females need less unless their pregnant.
What affects metabolic rate
Proportion of muscle mass to fat. Activity, the amount of exercise. Genetic factors. Physical size the bigger you are the more energy you need to be supplied with. Gender Age
What uses do the different food groups have in the body.
Carbohydrates to release energy
Enough fats to keep warm and release energy
Protein for growth, cell repair, and cell replacement
Enough fibre to keep everything moving smoothly through the digestive system.
Tiny amounts of various vitamins and minerals, to keep your skin, bones and blood and everything else generally healthy.
What is the metabolism.
The chemical reactions that occur in the body to stay alive, these reactions are called the metabolism.
What is meant by metabolic rate.
The speed at which chemical reactions take place in the human body
What happens if you take in more energy than needed
If you take in more energy than the body needs the excess energy is stored as fat. Over time this leads to obesity. If someone eats a lot more food than they need this is a form of malnourishment.
What health conditions can result from obesity
Type 2 diabetes High blood pressure Arthritis inflammation of the joints Hear disease Some types of cancers
Obese people are likely to die at a younger age than healthy people
When does the body loss mass
You lose mass when the energy content in the food is less than the energy you use in your daily life
What should someone do to lose mass.
They can reduce the amount of energy they take in by cutting back on the amount of food they eat. Carbohydrates in particular.
Increase the amount of energy used by doing exercise
Best way to lose weight is to reduce energy intake and exercise.
What is being overweight or obese a form of?
Malnourishment
Why does exercise increase metabolic rate
When you exercise you need more energy so your metabolic rate increases and stays increased for some time after
