L2 - Cells, tissues and organs

Question 1

What are the two dyes that histological material are stained with?

Answer 1

Haematoxylin (blue/purple) and Eosin (pink)

Question 2

What is the size of a general mammalian cell?

Answer 2

Varies between 2-100um

Question 3

Brief features of a eukaryote cell?

Answer 3

Thin cell membrane - boundary of cell
Nucleus - controlling centre & DNA
Cytoplasm - semifluid contents of cell

Question 4

What are the essential organelles?

Answer 4

Mitochondria - energy producing
Endoplasmic Reticulum - network within the cytoplasm that can be rough or smooth
Golgi Complex - important in packaging certain cell products

Question 5

Describe the concept of ‘tissue’

Answer 5

Groups of functionally similar cells, whcih may be structurally similiar but not identical. There are four primary types

Question 6

What are the four main types of tissue?

Answer 6

Epithelial: covering of external surfaces and linings of cavities. In general found in hollow organs
Muscle tissue: needed for movement. Unique sliding filaments
Nervous tissue: generation and conduction of nerve impulses
Connective tissue: found everywhere except the CNS. Wide variety of structure and function - connects and binds, transmits and resists forces, skeletal muscle support, nutritional support, site of defensive reactions

Question 7

Give an example of tissue integration that forms an organ

Answer 7

The intestine: outer ring of muscle, used for movement
Middle and inner ring contain connective tissue
Inner layer features an epithelial lining for secretion and absorption