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Anatomy > Thigh > Flashcards

Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What divides the muscles of the thigh into anterior, posterior and medial compartments?

A

Fascia lata

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2
Q

Which muscles make up the hamstrings?

A

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, long head of biceps femoris, hamstring part of adductor magnus

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3
Q

What is the common origin of hamstring muscles?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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4
Q

What is the insertion of semimembranosus?

A

Medial condyle of tibia

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5
Q

What is the insertion of semitendinosus?

A

Medial surface of tibia

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6
Q

What are the actions of semimembranosus and semitendinosus?

A

Extension and medial rotation at hip, flexion at knee

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7
Q

What nerve innervates semimembranosus, semitendinosus and long head of biceps femoris?

A

Sciatic nerve

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8
Q

What is the insertion of biceps femoris?

A

Lateral side of head of fibula

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9
Q

What is the origin of short head of biceps femoris?

A

Linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

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10
Q

What are the actions of long head of biceps femoris?

A

Extension and lateral rotation at hip, flexion at knee

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11
Q

What are the actions of short head of biceps femoris?

A

Lateral rotation at hip, flexion at knee

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12
Q

What nerve innervates short head of biceps femoris?

A

Common peroneal/fibular nerve

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13
Q

What are the attachments of the adductor part of adductor magnus?

A

Origin - inferior ischiopubic ramus

Insertion - linea aspera

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14
Q

What are the actions of adductor part of adductor magnus?

A

Adduction and flexion of thigh

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15
Q

What nerve innervates adductor part of adductor magnus?

A

Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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16
Q

What are the attachments of the hamstring part of adductor magnus?

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity

Insertion - adductor tubercle on distal, medial femur

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17
Q

What are the actions of the hamstring part of adductor magnus?

A

Adduction and extension of the thigh

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18
Q

What nerve supplies the hamstring part of adductor magnus?

A

Tibial nerve (L4-S3)

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19
Q

Which muscles are in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sartorius, pectineus, iliopsoas, quadriceps femoris

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20
Q

What muscles make up quadriceps femoris?

A

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedialis

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21
Q

What are the attachments of sartorius?

A

Origin - anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion - superiomedial surface of tibia

22
Q

What are the actions of sartorius?

A

Flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of hip, flexion of knee

23
Q

What are the attachments of pectineus?

A

Origin - pectineal line (anterior surface of pelvis)

Insertion - pectineal line (posterior femur, under lesser trochanter)

24
Q

What are the actions of pectineus?

A

Adduction and flexion at hip

25
Q

What nerves supply pectineus?

A

Femoral and branch from obturator nerve

26
Q

What are the attachments of iliopsoas muscle?

A

Origin
- Psoas major - lumbar vertebrae
- Iliacus - iliac fossa
Insertion - lesser trochanter of femur

27
Q

What are the actions of iliopsoas?

A

Flexion and lateral rotation at hip

28
Q

What nerves supply psoas major?

A

Anterior rami of L1-L3

29
Q

What are the attachments of rectus femoris?

A

Origin - ilium (superior to acetabulum)

Insertion - patella via quadriceps femoris tendon

30
Q

What are the actions of rectus femoris?

A

Flexion at hip, extension at knee

31
Q

What are the attachments of vastus lateralis?

A

Origin - greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

32
Q

What are the attachments of vastus medialis?

A

Origin - medial side of femur

Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon

33
Q

What are the attachments of vastus intermedialis?

A

Origin - anterolateral femur

Insertion - patella via quadriceps tendon

34
Q

What is the common attachment of the quadriceps muscles?

A

Patella via quadriceps tendon

35
Q

What is the action of all the vastus muscles?

A

Extension at knee

36
Q

What nerve supplies majority of muscles in anterior compartment of thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

sartorius, pectineus, iliacus, quadriceps femoris

37
Q

Which muscles make up the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, obturator externus

38
Q

What are the attachments of adductor longus?

A

Origin - pubis

Insertion - linea aspera

39
Q

What are the actions of adductor longus?

A

Adduction and medial rotation at hip

40
Q

What are the attachments of adductor brevis?

A

Origin - body of pubis and inferior pubic rami

Insertion - linea aspera (proximal to adductor longus)

41
Q

What is the action of adductor brevis?

A

Adduction at hip

42
Q

Generally what is the function of the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Adduction at hip

43
Q

Which muscle in medial compartment doesn’t adduct at the hip?

A

Obturator externus

44
Q

What are the attachments of gracilis?

A

Origin - body of pubis and inferior pubic rami

Insertion - medial surface of tibia (between sartorius and semitendinosus tendons)

45
Q

What are the actions of gracilis?

A

Adduction at hip, flexion at knee

46
Q

What are the attachments of obturator externus?

A

Origin - membrane of obturator foramen and adjacent bone

Insertion - trochanteric fossa

47
Q

What is the action of obturator externus?

A

Lateral rotation at hip

48
Q

What nerve supplies majority of muscles in medial compartment of thigh?

A 
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Apart from hamstring part of adductor magnus
49
Q

Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the knee?

A

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, plantaris, sartorius, gracilis

50
Q

Which muscles are responsible for extension of the knee?

A

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedialis

Anatomy (15 decks)

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