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Anatomy > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two layers of skin called?

A

Dermis and epidermis

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2
Q

What is the layer below the skin called?

A

Hypodermis/subcutis

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3
Q

Which type of skin is glabrous (not hairy)?

A

Thick skin

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4
Q

What type of epithelium is the epidermis made up of?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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5
Q

How many layers does the epidermis have and what are they called?

A

Five if thick, four if thin

Basal/germinal layer, spinous/squamous layer, granular layer, clear/translucent layer, cornified layer

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6
Q

Which layer of epidermis isn’t present in thin skin?

A

Clear/translucent layer

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7
Q

What cells are present in the basal/germinal layer of epidermis?

A

Proliferating and non-proliferating keratinocytes, melanocytes, merkel cells

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8
Q

What cells are present in the spinous/squamous layer of epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes connected by desmosomes, Langerhans cells

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9
Q

What cells are present in the granular layer of epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes - without nuclei and have granular cytoplasm

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10
Q

What cells are present in the clear/translucent layer of epidermis?

A

Dead flattened keratinocytes

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11
Q

What cells are present in the cornified layer of epidermis?

A

Anucleated corneocytes (attached by corneodesmosomes)

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12
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Pigment cells

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13
Q

What are Langerhans cells?

A

Immunological

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14
Q

What are Merkel cells?

A

Mechanoreceptors

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15
Q

What are the two layers of dermis called?

A

Papillary layer and reticular layer

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16
Q

What are rete ridges?

A

Epidermal down-growths

17
Q

What are dermal papillae?

A

Upward projections into epidermis

18
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

Area of skin supplied by a single spinal root

19
Q

What are the two types of cutaneous sensory receptors?

A

Unencapsulated/free nerve endings and encapsulated nerve endings

20
Q

What type of sensors do free nerve endings act as?

A

Pain, itch and temperature sensors

21
Q

What type of sensors do encapsulated nerve endings act as?

A

Mechanoreceptors

22
Q

Where are Merkel cell-neurite complexes located?

A

Dermal epidermal junction

23
Q

What do Merkel cell-neurite complexes detect?

A

Pressure

24
Q

Are Merkel cell-neurite complexes rapid or slow adapting?

A

Slow

25
Q

Where are Pacinian corpuscles located?

A

Dermal-subcutaneous junction

26
Q

What do Pacinian corpuscles detect?

A

Vibration and pressure

27
Q

Are Pacinian corpuscles rapid or slow adapting?

A

Rapid

28
Q

Where are Meissner’s corpuscles located?

A

Dermal papillae

29
Q

What do Meissner’s corpuscles detect?

A

Light touch

30
Q

Are Meissner’s corpuscles rapid or slow adapting?

A

Rapid

31
Q

Where are Ruffini endings located?

A

Subcutaneous layer/dermis

32
Q

Are Ruffini endings rapid or slow adapting?

A

Slow

33
Q

What do Ruffini endings detect?

A

Stretching and shearing

Anatomy (15 decks)

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