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SD- Pediatrics > Neonatal Lectures > Flashcards

Neonatal Lectures Flashcards

1
Q

Small for gestational age (SGA) is classified as a size under ___% for gestational age

A

under 10%

can be symmetric (early)
or
asymmetric (late, after 28 weeks)

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2
Q

large for gestational age (LGA) is classified as weight above ___% for GA

A

90%

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3
Q

Gestational diabetes increases the infants risk of…

A

LGA
Hypoglycemia
Increased risk of DM

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4
Q

Maternal HTN increases infants risk of…

A

Asymmetric SGA

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5
Q

Maternal chronic medical conditions increases the infants risk of…

A

Thyroid issues
DM
Mental health issues

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6
Q

Maternal smoking increases risk of…

A

IUGR (intra uterine growth retardation)
SGA (small for gestational age)
SIDS!

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7
Q

IUGR
SIDS risk
Vascular infarcts

..risk is all increased with?

A

maternal cocaine use

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8
Q

Maternal hx important!
Must get meconium and urine collection
Sx scoring with Finnegan scores (feeding concerns, discomfort)

A

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

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9
Q

37-42 weeks gestational age

A

Term

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10
Q

34-36 weeks gestational age

A

Late preterm

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11
Q

under 37 weeks gestational age

A

Premature

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12
Q

birth weight under 2500 g =?

birth weight under 1500 g=?

A

under 2500g= low birth weight

under 1500g= very low birth weight

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13
Q

Shoulder dystocia increases risk of…

A

Fx clavicle
Erb’s Palsy

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14
Q

Breech increases risk of…

A

Hip dystocia

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15
Q

What are the TORCH maternal infections/exposures that can be passed to baby?

A
  • *T**oxoplasmosis,Treponema
  • *R**ubella
  • *C**MV
  • *H**erpes
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16
Q

What are other maternal infections/exposures (other than TORCH) can be passed to baby?

A

Hep B, C
HIV
Parvovirus B19
Gonorrhea, Chlamydia
Varicella
Group B strep

17
Q

Occurs from maternal exposure to cats, raw meat, or immunosuppression

Sxs:
hydrocephalus
intracranial calcifications
chorioretinitis
jaundice
HSM
fever

Tx: pyrimethamine plus sulfadiazine

A

Toxoplasmosis

(TORCH)

18
Q

Maternal testing with RPR

Sx: prematurity, anemia, neutropenia, pneumonia, thrombocytopenia, HSM

late sx: snuffles, rash, keratitis

really late sx: Hutchinson teeth , bone abnormalitites

Tx: Penicillin

A

Syphilis

19
Q

Viral infection in unvaccination mom

Sx:
IUGR
Microcephaly
Eye issues, deafness
HSM, Jaundice
Blueberry muffin rash
B and T cell deficiency

Tx: None. but can prevent with vaccine

A

Rubella

20
Q

Caused by maternal STI

Sx:
Sepsis
IUGR
HSM, anemia
Periventricular calcifications
Blueberry muffin rash
Deafness, pneumonia

Dx: maternal urine

A

CMV

(no tx)

21
Q

What does Parovirus B19 increase risk of?

A

Risk of fetal loss

22
Q

Causes neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia

A

Chlamydia

23
Q

Causes microophthalmia
Eye and bone issues

Tx= acyclovir

A

Varicella

24
Q

MC cause of neonatal sepsis?

A

Group B strep infections

25
Q

Occurs from birth to 7 days of life

Caused by: GBS, E Coli, Klebsiella, Listeria

Can cause: premature rupture of membrane (PROM), maternal fever and preterm labor

A

Early onset sepsis

26
Q

Occurs in 7-28 days of life

Caused by: H.flu, S.pneumo, N.meningitidis

Can cause: meningitis, osteo, UTI

A

Late onset sepsis

27
Q

Ampicillin and Gentamicin can be used to treat..

A

Neonatal sepsis

28
Q

Causes:
Jaundice/scleral icterus
kernicterus

*can be indirect or direct

A

Hyperbilirubinemia

29
Q

Occurs within first 24 hours of life

Causes:
Extrahepatic obstruction
Persistent intrahepatic cholestasis
Acquired intrahepatic cholestasis
Genetic and metbaolic disorders

A

Direct hyperbilirubinemia

30
Q

Occurs after 24 hours of life

Causes:
Physiologic
Hemolytic
Polycythemia
etc.

A

Indirect hyperbilirubinemia

31
Q

Has a max score of 10

Is based upon: tone, color, respiratory effort, HR, reflex irritabilit

A

APGAR score

32
Q

Normal neonatal HR range?

A

120-160 bpm

33
Q

Normal neonatal RR range?

A

40-60 breaths per min

34
Q

True or false..

Normal neonatal temp is 36.5-37.5 C (rectally)

A

TRUE

35
Q

soft tissue injury

*Edema of the scalp
*CROSSES SUTURE LINES

A

Caput Succadeneum

36
Q

Swelling over 1 or both parietal bones

WILL NOT CROSS SUTURES LINES

A

Cephalohematoma

37
Q

Ankyloglossia

A

Tongue tie

SD- Pediatrics (11 decks)

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