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Nursing Assistant > Chapter 16-19 > Flashcards

Chapter 16-19 Flashcards

1
Q

A pts or residents room, also referred to as a ____, will vary in the way it is set up according to the type of facility and the needs of the person

A

unit

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2
Q

Serves as the central base of operation for the nursing staff

A

nurses station

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3
Q

Used to store meds and the supplies for administering meds

A

medication room

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4
Q

Used to store clean and sterile supplies

A

clean utility room

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5
Q

Where dirty items are handling and stored

A

soiled utility room

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6
Q

Soiled utility rooms often have a _____, a sink like fixture that flushes like a toilet, used for cleaning bed pans and rinsing soiled linen

A

hopper

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7
Q

Where snacks and beverage are stored and prepared for pts and residents

A

nourishment room

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8
Q

The aspects of residents environment is regulated by ____

A

OBRA

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9
Q

Essential for controlling the spread of infection and odors

A

cleanliness

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10
Q

Ways to help with minimize ____:

  • keep lids down on laundry and waste containers
  • empty and clean emesis basins, urinals, bedside commodes, and bedpans
  • air freshner
  • assist your pt with routine personal care
  • pay attention to your personal hygiene
A

odor

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11
Q

Provides fresh air and keeps air circulating

  • carries away odor
  • keeping air from becoming stale
  • keeps room from getting stuffy
A

ventilation system

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12
Q

People who are ill, elderly, or relatively inactive may prefer a ____ room temp

A

warmer

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13
Q

Provides overall illumination _____

Directs bright light toward a specific area ____

A

general lightning

task lighting

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14
Q

Ways to minimize ____:

  • headphones
  • answer phone promptly
  • report loud equipment
  • be aware of your voice volume
A

noise

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15
Q

_____ commonly referred to as a hospital bed, is used in most health care settings

A

adjustable bed

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16
Q

The mattress platforms of most adjustable beds have joints at the hip and knees, which allow the mattress to break or bend, these joints are called _____

A

gatches

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17
Q

Foot of the mattress is raised so that the persons head is lower than her feet
-used for people in shock to get blood flow to the heart

A

trendelenburgs position

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18
Q

Head of the mattress is raised so the persons head is higher than their feet
-used for spinal cord, back injury, and traction

A

reverse trendelenburgs position

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19
Q

A _____ is useful for residents who may roll out of bed or get out of bed without calling for assistance

A

low bed

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20
Q

Fits over the bed or chair and can be raised or lowered as needed

A

over-bed tables

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21
Q

Used for pts to alert a staff member that they need help

A

call light

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22
Q

Branch of medicine that specializes in the tx of obesity

A

bariatrics

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23
Q

The official entry of a person into a health care setting

  • time for orientation for new pt and health care team
  • can be stressful for both pt and family as they adjust to change
A

admission

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24
Q

____ for long term care:

  • most do not choose to be admitted
  • admitted after a crisis
  • may require a quick decision when choosing facility
  • family may realize no longer able to provide care
  • physically, emotionally, and financially draining
  • feeling of guilt from family
A

concerns

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25
Q

The ____ process

  • orders are written by the doctor
  • the admissions coordinator or admission nurse helps the person to complete an admission sheet
  • person is escorted to their room
  • nurses complete the nursing hx
  • nursing assistant takes vital signs and helping the person to become oriented to the room
A

admission

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26
Q

Gathers information about the person such as, name, address, date of birth, social security number, gender, insurance and employment information, and advanced directive information

A

admission sheet

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27
Q

Making a new pt feel _____:

  • prepare room before arrival
  • greet person warmly and introduce yourself
  • help person settle into new home
  • practice good communication skills
A

welcome

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28
Q

Gathers information about a persons preference, abilities, disabilities, and habits

A

nursing history

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29
Q

Document that list and briefly describes all the residents personal belongings

A

resident inventory sheet

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30
Q

A _____ occurs whenever a pt is moved within or between health care settings:

  • from one room to another
  • one unit to another
  • one health care facility to another
  • can be necessary due to changes in persons medical condition
A

transfer

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31
Q

A _____ must be safe

  • pt and belongings must be treated with respect
  • nurse is usually responsible for reporting information to accepting RN
  • if going to a long term facility, you may report personal care information to the receiving nursing assistant
A

transfer

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32
Q

_____ is the official release of the person from a health care facility back home

A

discharge

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33
Q

When a person leaves health care setting without a doctors order, the person is said to leave _____

A

against medical advice (AMA)

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34
Q

Used by the members of the health care team to help prepare a pt or resident to leave the facility

  • the process that helps identify the needs of a person after his discharge and makes arrangements for meeting these needs
  • begun at the time of admission
A

discharge planning

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35
Q

The _____ responsibilities during discharge:

  • helping pt pack personal items
  • having the person ready to leave on time
  • assisting person out of the facility
A

nursing assistant

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36
Q
  • promote comfort and well-being of pt
  • important for infection control
  • helps with skin breakdown and pressure ulcer formation
  • a neat well-made bed is a sign of capable,competent care by the facility
A

bedmaking

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37
Q

Think layer of padding that is placed on the mattress to help make the bed more comfortable for the pts and to protect the mattress from moisture and soiling

A

mattress pads

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38
Q

Small, flat sheet that is placed over the middle of the bottom sheet covering the area of the bed from above the persons shoulders to below the buttocks

A

draw sheets

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39
Q

A draw sheet that is used to help lift or reposition a person in bed

A

lift sheet

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40
Q

A square of quilted absorbent fabric backed with waterproof material

  • approximately 3 ft by 3 feet
  • it can be disposable or laundered
  • used for pts that are incontinent or have draining wounds
  • sometimes this is the only thing that needs to be changed
A

bed protector

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41
Q

Lightweight cotton blanket or flannel sheet that is used provide modesty and warmth during a bed bath

A

bath blanket

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42
Q

Placed on top of the regular mattress to help prevent skin breakdown for pts that stay in bed for a long period of time
-some can be filled with air or water

A

pressure relieving mattress

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43
Q

Piece of wood that is placed under the mattress to provide extra support

  • keeps the mattress from sagging and keeps body aligned
  • most common in long term care
A

bed board

44
Q

A padded board that is placed upright at the foot of the bed
-keeps the feet in proper alignment

A

foot board

45
Q

_____ that are commonly used:

  • mattress pad
  • bottom and top sheets
  • draw sheets
  • bed protectors
  • blankets
  • bedspreads
  • pillow and pillowcases
  • bath blankets
A

linens

46
Q

Other equipment and supplies are used depending on the persons ____:

  • pressure relieving mattress
  • bed board
  • bed cradle
  • footboard
A

needs

47
Q

Has elasticized sides that wrap around and underneath the mattress, holding the pad securely to the mattress

A

fitted mattress pad

48
Q

Pad is not secured to the mattress

A

flat (non-fitted) mattress pad

49
Q 
Bed is made with \_\_\_\_\_ sheets:
Bottom sheet may be
-flat, or non fited
-fitted
The top sheet is a flat sheet
-can be white or colored
A

two

50
Q

A ____ adds the finishing touch to a well made bed and can add a decorative touch to a persons room
-allowing a person to use their own from home is one way to foster a sense of independence and individuality

A

bedspreads

51
Q

Metal frame that is placed between the bottom and top sheets to keep the top sheet, the blanket, and the bedspread away from persons feet

  • used for people with burns to keep top sheet from touching the pt
  • used for pts at risk for pressure sores
A

bed cradle

52
Q

Do not hold linens ____ to your uniform

A

close

53
Q

Wear gloves when removing used linens from a bed

-roll the linens _____ the center of the bed to confine the soiled area inside

A

toward

54
Q

____ is a way of folding and tucking the sheet so that it lies flat and neat against the mattress

A

mitering

55
Q

When the top sheet, blanket, and bedspread of a closed bed are turned back, or fanfolded, the closed bed becomes an _____ or a bed ready to receive a pt
-the bed wheels should always be locked and in lower position

A

open

56
Q

A closed bed that has been opened to receive a pt who will be arriving by stretcher

A

surgical bed

57
Q

Some conditions make it difficult for a person to get out of bed for a linen change, when this is the case, it is necessary to change the linens while the person is still in bed, this is called an _____

A

occupied bed

58
Q

Always place linens so that the seams are ____ from pts face and skin

A

away

59
Q

Key measurements that provide essential information about overall health status

  • how fast heart is beating, internal temp of body, and rate of breathing
  • indicates how well the body is functioning
  • if indicates change, person may be in or have an injury
A

vital signs

60
Q

Vital signs are taking when specified on ____ or ____:

  • long term care facility: once daily or weekly, and as needed
  • hospital: every shift or every few hours, and as needed
A

nursing care plan or doctors orders

61
Q

____ is important: many people rely on these measurements to make decisions about the persons care
-report an abnormal measurement immediately

A

accuracy

62
Q

It is the difference between heat produced and heat lost by the body

  • body heat is produced as a normal process of metabolism
  • regulated by thermoregulatory center located in the brain
A

body temperature

63
Q

The physical and chemical changes that occur when the cells of the body change the food that we eat into energy

A

metabolism

64
Q
  • physical or emotional stress
  • environmental temperature
  • time of the day
  • age
  • gender

Factors affecting _____

A

body temperature

65
Q

Measured in either degrees Fahrenheit or Celsuis

  • mouth: oral
  • rectum: rectal
  • armpit: axillary
  • ear: tympanic
  • forehead: temporal

These are measurements of _____

A

body temperature

66
Q
  • glass
  • electric
  • tympanic
  • temporal

These are types of ____

A

thermometers

67
Q

Adult oral temperature is _____

A

97.6-99.6 F

68
Q

Normal body temp ranges from ____ to ____ above or below the range considered normal

A

0.5-1 F

69
Q

Increased body temperature

  • person is said to be febrile
  • doctor may order an antipyretic (fever reducing) drug
A

pyrexia

70
Q

When the heart beats, it sends a wave, or ____ of blood through the arteries

  • look for rate and a rhythm
  • pulse amplitude
A

pulse

71
Q

Irregular pulse rhythm is called _____

A

dysrhythmia

72
Q
  • physical activity (increases the bodys need for O2 and nutrients
  • anger and anxiety, illness, pain, fever, and excitement
  • certain meds

Are factors that can affect _____

A

pulse

73
Q

The force or quality of the pulse

A

pulse amplitude

74
Q

Taken by placing fingers over the radial artery (inside the wrist)

A

radial pulse

75
Q

Taken by listening over the apex of the heart with a stethoscope

A

apical pulse

76
Q

The difference between the apical pulse and the radial pulse, requires two team members pulse at both locations at same time

A

pulse deficit

77
Q

Always measure for a _____ in children younger than 12

A

full minute

78
Q
  • temporal
  • carotid
  • apical
  • brachial
  • radial
  • femoral
  • dorsalis pedis
  • posterior tibial
  • popliteal

These are all _____

A

pulse points

79
Q

Places where the arteries run close to the surface of the skin, allowing the pulse to be felt

A

pulse points

80
Q

A rapid heart rate, or pulse rate of more than 100 beats per minute for an adult

A

tachycardia

81
Q

A heart rate that is slower than normal, that is a pulse rate of less than 60 beats per minute
-may be normal in some people

A

bradycardia

82
Q

Normal pulse rate for adult _____

A

60 to 100

83
Q

Is accomplished through ventilation

A

respiration

84
Q

_____ is inhalation of O2 and exhalation of carbon dioxide

A

ventilation

85
Q

When measuring ____ look for:

  • rate
  • rhythm
  • depth
  • abnormal sounds
A

respiration

86
Q

Number of times person breathes in 1 minute (one breath is one inhalation and exhalation
-best to count after pulse with fingers still on wrist because its easier for pt to control breathing

A

respiration rate

87
Q

Regularity with which a person breaths

A

respiration rhythm

88
Q

The quality of each breath

A

depth of respiration

89
Q

Normal respiratory rate is called ____

  • ____ to ____ times a minute for adults
  • higher for infants and children
A

eupnea

12 to 20

90
Q
  • tachypnea
  • bradypnea
  • dyspnea
  • hyperventilation
  • hypoventilation

Are abnormal _____

A

respiratory pattern

91
Q

Respiratory rate that is higher than normal (greater than 24 breaths)

A

tachypnea

92
Q

Respiratory rate that is lower than normal (less than 10 breaths)

A

bradypnea

93
Q

Labored or difficult respirations

A

dyspnea

94
Q

The force that the blood exerts against the arterial walls

  • two pressure levels: systolic and diastolic
  • measured in mm or mercury and recorded in fraction
A

blood pressure

95
Q

The difference between systolic and diastolic is ____

A

pulse pressure

96
Q
  • cardiac output
  • blood volume
  • resistance to blood flow
  • age
  • gender
  • race

Are factors that affect ____

A

blood pressure

97
Q

Amount of blood that the heart is able to pump with each beat

A

cardiac output

98
Q

The amount of blood in the vessel at any given time influences the blood pressure

A

blood volume

99
Q

How hard it is for the blood to flow through the vessels

A

resistance to blood flow

100
Q
  • faint but clear sounds, first tapping is systolic

- last sound heard before continuous silence is diastolic

A

korotkoff sounds

101
Q

_____ can move up and down within a range of normal during the course of the day and activity level of the individual

Abnormal ranges

  • hypertention
  • hypotention
  • orthostatic hypotension
A

blood pressure

102
Q

Blood pressure for normal adult _____

  • influenced by chronic condition or medication
  • increased tendency for fluctuation due to postural changes, physical exertion, and illness
A

120/80

103
Q

Measure pulse and respiration ____ in children 5 yrs and younger

A

first

104
Q

Sudden decrease in blood pressure that occurs when a person stands up from sitting or lying position

A

orthostatic hypotention

105
Q

A persons _____

  • provides insight into overall health and nutritional status
  • often used to calculate medication dosage

Measure ___ on admission and on transfer or discharge
Measure ____ on admission and at regular intervals

A

weight

height

weight

106
Q

____ is measured in feet and inches or centimeters

____ is measured in pounds or kilograms

Ways of measurement:

  • upright scale
  • chair scale
  • tape measure and sling scale
A

height

weight

107
Q
  • always measure at the same time of day
  • always measure with same type of clothes on and no shoes
  • always measure with empty bladder

When monitoring ____

A

weight

Nursing Assistant (8 decks)

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