SPRING Intelligence

Question 1

what is intelligence

Answer 1

ability to learn from experinece, adapt, shape and select evirnoments
mental agility
- profit from experience, solve problems, reason, goal directed and adaptive behaviour

Question 2

what its the entity view of intelligence

Answer 2

single general view
biological/deterministic
set value

Question 3

what is the incrememental view of intelligenec

Answer 3

range of aptitudes, skills and talents
less deterministic
influence of the environment

Question 4

galton 1869 view of intelligence

Answer 4

argued for selective reporduction and eugenitcs
immigration laws based on IQ
entity view

Question 5

binet 1916 view of intelligence

Answer 5

IQ to identify achieving students
focs on memory, attention and problem solving
not single inborn measure, IQ limited and measure broad range of concepts

Question 6

stern 1930 intelligene quotient IQ

Answer 6

mental age/chronological age x 100
capacity to consciously adjust thinking to new requirements and mental adapatability to condiitons in life
compare individual to average to gain relatively consistent measure
if equal then IQ 100

Question 7

weschler average intelliegence scale (weschler 1955) WAIS

Answer 7

5 supplementary tests and 10 subtests
look at verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory and processing speed
compare score with standardised average of own group
2/3 within 85-115
reflect relative standing within own population

Question 8

pros of WAIS

Answer 8

reliable - no large changes over short term

valid - reflect school abilities ie verbal comprehension - predict school success

Question 9

cons of WAIS

Answer 9

cultural bias - dependent on vocab

ethnic differences - when adjust for povery, home environment, economic and social differences then elliminate

Question 10

what factors are thought to influence IQ

Answer 10

nutrition
family size
music
motivation
length of education

Question 11

nutrition on IQ

Answer 11

most influential pre natal and young
breast feeding increase IQ by 3.6 points
vit and mineral supplements improve non verbal and concentration
lead blood concentration

Question 12

family size on iq

Answer 12

zajonc 1976 smaller families improve IQ

Question 13

schnellenberg 2014 music on IQ

Answer 13

6y/o music, drama or no lessons for 1 year
music sig increase IQ
requires memory, concentraion, mathematical and spatial abilities, reading, time keeping - exercises range of variables

Question 14

gagne and st pere 2002 motivation and IQ

Answer 14

no correlation between motivation and IQ
results question the belief of most educators about the crucial role of motivation as a determinant of scholastic achievement

Question 15

cahan and cohen 1989 length of education on IQ

Answer 15

education better predictor of IQ than age - excercise lots of abilities

Question 16

what is an aptitude test

Answer 16

a test designed to determine a person’s ability in a particular skill or field of knowledge
capacity TO LEARN

Question 17

what is an achievement test

Answer 17

assess what has already been learnt

Question 18

define fluid intelligence

Answer 18

ability to think and reason abstractly
solve problems
declines from 30-40 years

Question 19

define crystallised intelligence

Answer 19

rooted in experience and knoweldge
contines to grow into old age
does not equate to memory, but it does rely on accessing information from long-term memory. Crystallized intelligence is one’s lifetime of intellectual achievement, as demonstrated largely through one’s vocabulary and general knowledge

Question 20

gardener theory of multiple intelligences

Answer 20

8 criteria:
musical, visual, verbal, logical, bodily, interpersonal, intrapersonal and naturalistic
each has unique bond with diff types of intelligence
no individual is restricted to any one modality

Question 21

sternberg triarchic theory of intelligence

Answer 21

3 modalities

analytic (problem solve), creative (apply past experience) and practical (adapt to environment)

Question 22

what is thorndike social intelligence

Answer 22

ability to get along with others

ability to understand and manage oneself in social situations

Question 23

salvey and meyer emotional intelligence quotience EQ

Answer 23

ability to nderstand emotions, regulate and percieve emotions, facillitate thoughts

Question 24

what is high rating on EQ linked to

Answer 24

less aggressive
more prosocial
less smoking/alcohol consumption
moderates effet on IQ
pos correlation with quality of friendships

Question 25

gender on the EQ

Answer 25

woman better on averae - emotional empathy
sense in the moment how another person is feeling
and better social skills - maintain group dynamics

men better at self confidence in groups and managing distressing emotions
leaders 50:50

Question 26

is intelligence innate

Answer 26

MZ more similar than DZ but some difference when change environment

Question 27

scarr and winberg 1979 is intelligence innate - adoption studies

Answer 27

children adopted by middle class families with IQ of 118-121
others left with poorer bio familities
adopted average 105
non average 90

Question 28

mcgive et al 1993 is intelligence innate - adoption

Answer 28

siblings reared in diff home have more simiar IQs than adopted chidren in same environment
-GENENTIC

Question 29

beaver et al is intelligence innate - longditudinal

Answer 29

parents who read to children and have nightly dinners revealed no consistent associations between parenting/
family measures and verbal intelligence. Taken together, the results of these statistical models
indicate that family and parenting characteristics are not significant contributors to variation in IQ
score
2014- genetic markers DAT1 DAT2 DAT4 - regualtion of dopamine linked to IQ - more likely to finish high school and go to college

Question 30

dochotery et al 2010

Answer 30

those with 10+ risk genes twice as likely to perform poorley in maths

Question 31

mangels et al 2006 entity vs incremental view

Answer 31

quiz on academic subjects and rate confidence of answers
given right answers then quized again
ERP brain recorded
both equally well and confident at beginnning
incremental view pay more attention when told correct answer
more likely to be correct second time around