Lymphatic System

Question 1

Lymphatic capillaries are extremely ____ and they can therefore collect not only fluid but also proteins and even cells.

Answer 1

Porous

Question 2

Specialized lymphatic capillaries participate in digestion by absorbing ____.

Answer 2

Lipids and lipid-soluble substances.

Question 3

One of the major functions of the lymphatic system is to ____ the interstitial fluid.

Answer 3

Purify

Question 4

One of the lymphatic systems tasks is to destroy cells which are not normally found in the body, but sometimes it is unsuccessful in destroying ____; it is not uncommon for these cells to invade the lymphatic tissue and begin to grow.

Answer 4

Cancer cells.

Question 5

The fluid in the lymphatic system is called ____.

Answer 5

Lymph.

Question 6

About 3 liters per ____ travels through the lymphatic system, compared with 5 liters per ____ through the circulatory system.

Answer 6

Day;

Minute

Question 7

Lymph can flow in one direction because of ____ in the lymphatic vessels.

Answer 7

One-way valves.

Question 8

Lymph is primarily propelled toward the site where it is returned to the blood by ____, although ____ in the vessel walls also participated.

Answer 8

The motions of the body;

Smooth muscles.

Question 9

The smaller lymphatic vessels are called ____ and are essentially microscopic, dead-end tubes.

Answer 9

Lymphatic capillaries.

Question 10

The lymphatic system collects ____ and ____ from interstitial regions and returns them to the blood.

Answer 10

Fluid;

Proteins

Question 11

Endothelial cells that make up the lymph capillaries overlap loosely to form ____.

Answer 11

One-way valves.

Question 12

Increased fluid pressure in regions surrounding lymph capillaries causes the overlapping regions of the cells of the capillaries to ____.

Answer 12

Separate.

Question 13

High pressures in the lymph fluid within the lymphatic capillaries causes the overlapping regions of the cells of which the capillaries are made to ____.

Answer 13

Press together.

Question 14

Lymphatic capillaries are prevented from collapsing as tissue fluid increases by anchoring ____ attached to the endothelial cells of the vessel.

Answer 14

Collagen filaments.

Question 15

____ are specialized Lymph capillaries in the ____ of the small intestine.

Answer 15

Lacteals;

Villi

Question 16

Most lymph in the body appears ____, but that in lacteals (called ____) is creamy white due to the high concentration of lipids.

Answer 16

Clear;

Chyle.

Question 17

When several lymph capillaries merge, they form a(n) ____.

Answer 17

Lymph collecting vessel.

Question 18

The walls of lymphatic collecting vessels, like those of blood vessels, have ____ tunics.

Answer 18

Three (3)

Question 19

When lymphatic collecting vessels merge, they form ____.

Answer 19

Lymphatic trunks.

Question 20

There are nine major lymphatic trunks: two each of the ____, ____, ____ and ____ trunks, and one of the ____ trunk.

Answer 20

Lumbar, jugular, subclavian; bronchimediastinal;

Intestinal.

Question 21

When lymphatic trunks merge, they form the largest lymphatic vessels in the body, the ____. (There are only ____ of these in the body; in some individuals, the ____ one is absent and several trunks drain into the venous system directly.)

Answer 21

Lymphatic ducts;
Two;
Right.

Question 22

Lymph from the legs, several abdominal organs and the lower torso enters the left lymphatic (a.k.a. Thoracic) duct via a dilated sac called the ____.

Answer 22

Cisterna chyli

Question 23

The left and right lymphatic ducts drain into the left and right ____ veins, at their intersection with the ____.

Answer 23

Subclavian;

Jugular veins.

Question 24

Blood is prevented from entering the lymphatic ducts by the presence of ____.

Answer 24

One-way valves.

Question 25

The ____ collects lymph from the bulk of the body, including one entire side of the body and regions on the opposite side below the thorax.

Answer 25

Left thoracic lymphatic duct.

Question 26

The ____ collects lymph only from a small portion of one side of the body.

Answer 26

Right lymphatic duct.

Question 27

One major class of white blood cells, the ____, take their name from there presence in the lymphatic system.

Answer 27

Lymphocytes.

Question 28

One major class of lymphocytes, the ____, are formed in the bone marrow, but mature in the thymus gland.

Answer 28

T-cells OR T lymphocytes.

Question 29

____ attack cells in the body that are not recognized as normal me before of ten body’s cellular community.

Answer 29

T-cells.

Question 30

____ are a type of blood cell that develops and matures in the bone marrow before moving to the lymphatic system.

Answer 30

B-cells.

Question 31

A(n) ____ is any large molecule with a unique shape which can be recognized by the immune system.

Answer 31

Antigen.

Question 32

When ____ encounter an antigen, they divide to form plasma cells and memory cells.

Answer 32

B-cells

Question 33

____ release antibodies which bind to antigens.

Answer 33

Plasma cells.

Question 34

____ circulate in the lymph and blood for many years, and respond rapidly if an antigen encountered in the past is again encountered.

Answer 34

Memory cells.

Question 35

Many ____, cells that are descended from monocytes and which engulf microbes and debris, are found in the lymph fluid.

Answer 35

Macrophages.