Digestive System: Physiology Flashcards
____ means simply eating or drinking, while ____ refers to the process of eliminating ____ (material which is left over after all usable substances have been extracted).
Ingestion;
Defecation;
Feces
____ is the breakdown of ingested foods into simpler organic molecules.
Digestion
____ refers to the mixing of food and digestive juices into a soft pulp.
Mechanical digestive.
____ means chewing. It is one means by which ____ occurs.
Mastication;
Mechanical digestion.
Smooth muscles in the GI tract are responsible for the ____ of food from mouth to anus via processes called ____ (swallowing) and ____.
Propulsion;
Degultition;
Peristalsis.
____ consists of a series of progressive, alternating contractions of smooth muscle rings which encircle the intestine. The result is propulsion of a portion of the partially digested food, called a(n) ____, through the intestines.
Peristalsis;
Bolus.
Mechanical digestion is continued throughout the GI tract via a process called ____, in which the bonus is rhythmically divided into even-smaller portions by bidirectional, peristalsis-like contractions of smooth muscle.
Segmentation.
____ of enzymes and corrosive liquids, as well as mucus to lubricate and protect the system itself is the function of specialized cells within the GI tract and accessory organs.
Secretion.
____ of nutrients is possible because cells of the GI tract actively transcytose the into the blood or lymph.
Absorption.
The epithelial cells of the GI tract are joined by ____ so that nutrient molecules cannot enter the body by passing between cells, but must instead pass through them.
Tight junctions.
____ consists of a series of progressive, alternating contractions of smooth muscle rings which encircle the intestine. The result is propulsion of a portion of the partially digested food, called a(n) ____, through the intestines.
Peristalsis;
Bolus.
Mechanical digestion is continued throughout the GI tract via a process called ____, in which the bonus is rhythmically divided into even-smaller portions by bidirectional, peristalsis-like contractions of smooth muscle.
Segmentation.
____ of enzymes and corrosive liquids, as well as mucus to lubricate and protect the system itself is the function of specialized cells within the GI tract and accessory organs.
Secretion.
____ of nutrients is possible because cells of the GI tract actively transcytose the into the blood or lymph.
Absorption.
The epithelial cells of the GI tract are joined by ____ so that nutrient molecules cannot enter the body by passing between cells, but must instead pass through them.
Tight junctions.
