mucosal immunity - intestinal parasites Flashcards
do subQ or IM immunization routes cause vaccine Ag to drain to the nearest LN to stimulate systemic immunity or mucosal immunity?
systemic immunity
The mucosal immune system (MALT) produces what?
effector (T and B) and memory cells
what are the epithelial barrier functions?
-epithelial tight junctions
-mucus
-defensins (antimicrobial peptides)
-epithelial cells produce cytokines and chemokines
-IL-10 and TGFb (immunosuppressive)
-TNFa (direct Th1 differentiation)
-CXCL for neutrophils, CCL2 for eosinophils, CXCL10 for
lympocytes
what are the two compartments of MALT?
- inductive sites
2. effector sites distant from inductive sites
what happens in the inductive sites of MALT?
- ag is processed and T and B cells are activated
- ab class switching occurs
- B-> IgM -> IgG (IgA)
what happens in the inductive sites of MALT?
- sites where ab and cell-mediated responses are generated against pathogens
- antibody released by plasma cells
- CTLs kill virus infected cells
name the 6 inductive sites of the body
- tonsils (in most mammals except rodents)
- pharynx/nasal lymphoid tissue (NALT)
- BALT
- appendix
- peyers patches (in jejunum)
inductive site differentiation for Treg
- low dose antigen “food”
- IL-10 and TGFb
inductive site differentiation for Th1
- intracellular pathogen
- IFNg
inductive site differentiation for Th2
- extracellular pathogen parasites
- IL-4, IL-5, IL-10
inductive site differentiation Th17
- endogenous flora
- IL-17 and IL-6
what direct the homing of effector lymphocyte?
chemokines
what are the effector cells?
CD4, CTLs and B cells
what imunoglobin excludes pathogens from entering the mucosal surface?
IgA
what is the main mucosal Ig in most species?
IgA
