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GN 421 > Basic Transcription Part 6 > Flashcards

Basic Transcription Part 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Formation of the DABPoIF (pre initiation) complex

A
  1. TFIID with the help of TFIIA binds TATA box and forms the DA complex
  2. TFIIB binds next
  3. TFIIF helps RNA pol bind to a region extending from -24 to+ +17
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2
Q

binding of all other factors depends on

A
  • TFIID binding
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3
Q

TFIIB

A
  • needed for TFIIF and pol to bind DABPolF
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4
Q

TFIID and A

A
  • protect the TATA box on the template and nontemplate strand
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5
Q

TFIIF

A
  • binds polymerase and brings it to DAB complex
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6
Q

TFIID

A
  • contains TATA-box binding proteins (TPB) + 8-10 TBP associated factors (TAFs)
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7
Q

TATA-box-binding domain

A
  • very rich in basic domains

- facilitates binding to DNA

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8
Q

TBP

A
  • binds to minor groove of DNA and forces it open
  • functions with RNA pol II with a TATA box (among pol II, I, and III without TATA box)
  • universal transcription factor
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9
Q

Phenylalanine side chains

A
  • intercalate between base pairs, causing DNA to kink
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10
Q

Function of TAFs

A
  • interact with promoter

- interact with gene-specific transcription factors

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11
Q

some factors in TFIID

A
  • necessary for interaction with upstream-activating factors, such as SP1
  • also called TAF_IIS
  • called coactivators
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12
Q

Model for transcription enhancement by activators

A
  • a minimal TBP/TAF complex fails to support activation
  • Two distinct trimeric complex can support activation
  • A tetrameric complex can mediate activation
  • Holo-TFIID supports activation by an assortment of activators
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13
Q

each transcription factor interacts with

A
  • certain TAFs
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14
Q

Holo-TFIID

A
  • TBP + many TAFs
  • interacts with several activators at once
  • magnifying effect
  • producing strong enhancement of transcription
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15
Q

TAF enzymatic activities

A
  • histone acetyltransferase

- protein kinase

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16
Q

histone acetyltransferase

A
  • attaches acetyl groups to lystines on histones

- usually activates transcription

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17
Q

protein kinase

A
  • can phosphorylate itself (TFIID) and TFIIF

- to a less extent TFIIA an TFIIE

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18
Q

phosphorylation does what

A
  • modifies efficiency of assembly of the pre initiation complex
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19
Q

acetylation of histones does what

A
  • opens DNA for transcription
20
Q

first step in formation of preinitation complex

A
  • interaction of TFIID with promoter

- this is the critical step of initiation

21
Q

TFIIA bind to

A
  • binds to TBP
22
Q

TFIIA major function

A
  • stabilize binding between TFIID and promoter to form the DA complex
23
Q

TFIIB positioned where

A
  • between TFIID and TFIIF/RNA pol
24
Q

2 domains of TFIIB

A
  • one interacts with TFIID

- the other with TFIIF/RNA pol II

25
Q

Function of TFIIB

A
  • positions pol and transcription start site
  • stabilizes TBP-TATA box binding
  • interacts with transcription activators that bind upstream elements
26
Q

gene-specific transcription factors and TFIIB

A
  • facilitate binding of TFIIB to pre initiation complex
27
Q

TFIIF made of

A
  • 2 polypeptides
  • RAP30
  • RAP70
28
Q

RAP

A
  • RNA polymerase-associated protein
29
Q

number =

A
  • molecular mass
30
Q

RAP30

A
  • weak homology to E. coli sigma factor

- mediates binding of TFIIF to the core

31
Q

sigma like role of TFIIF

A
  • binds to the core - analogous to sigma factor

- reduces nonspecific interactions between polymerase and DNA

32
Q

main role of TFIIF

A
  • binds to polymerase and directs it to promoters containing DAB complex
33
Q

TFIIE

A
  • increases TFIIH activity
34
Q

TFIIH

A
  • phosphorylates RNA pol II

- specifically the CTD

35
Q

two forms of TFIIH

A
  • Ila

- llo

36
Q

lla

A
  • unphosphorylated form

- joins pre initiation complex

37
Q

llo

A
  • phosphorylated enzyme

- carries out RNA chain elongation

38
Q

phosphorylation trigger

A
  • trigger for polymerase to shift from initiation to elongation
39
Q

CTD of RNA pol II

A
  • coordinates RNA processing with transcription
40
Q

the phosphorylated carboxy terminal domain of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II binds proteins involved in

A
  • capping, splicing and polyadenylating precursor mRNAs.

- all steps needed for RNA processing

41
Q

capping enzyme

A
  • guanylyl transferase

- binds to phosphorylated CTD

42
Q

splicing factors

A
  • bind to CTD
43
Q

components of cleavage/polyadenylation apparatus

A
  • bind to CTD
44
Q

2 complexes of TFIIH

A
  • protein kinase

- core with 2 separate DNA helicase/ATPase activities

45
Q

TFIIE and TFIIH

A
  • make no difference in elongation

- required for promoter clearance

GN 421 (36 decks)

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