4A: Homeostasis and the endocrine system Flashcards
Andrew Beard (11 cards)
what are circulating hormones?
chemical messengers, produced by endocrine system, that diffuse into blood and are carried to distant target cells
what are local hormones?
produced by many tissues, serve as means of local control
what is the difference between paracrine and autocrine production of hormones?
paracrine cells produce hormones for nearby target cells, whereas autocrine cells create hormones for that same cell
how does the nervous system influence neuronal activity and behaviour?
through neurotransmitters
how does the endocrine system influence neuronal activity and behaviour?
use of hormones, this directly and indirectly influences neuronal activity and behaviour, asw as other bodily systems
name 4 similarities between hormones and neurotransmitters (nts)
- hormones produced and stored in endocrine cells, nts in neurons
- hormones bind w specific receptors, nt too
- hormones bind w receptors on surface/inside cell, nts bind w receptors on surface membrane
- binding of hormones/nts triggers activities within cell
name 2 differences between nts and hormones
- while nts travel between synapses to postsynaptic receiving neuron, hormones travel in blood to diff locations throughout body where receptors exist
- hormonal communication takes seconds/minutes+, neurotransmission takes milliseconds
what are the functions of the endocrine system?
- maintain constant internal environment despite external challenges
- regulate metabolism + energy balance
- help regulate involuntary muscle contractions n secretions by glands
- guiding growth and development
- contribute to control of the reproductive system
what is the level of hormone activity determined by?
hormone concentration and number receptors
are hormones released in long or short bursts?
short bursts, a pulsatile release pattern
what is hormone secretion controlled by?
- signals from the nervous system
- changes in blood composition
- other hormones
