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biology year 1 > 4c diversity and classification > Flashcards

4c diversity and classification Flashcards

1
Q

What is phylogeny?

A

Study of evolutionary history of groups of organisms

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2
Q

What does phylogeny tell us?

A

Whose related to whom and how closely they are related

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3
Q

What does a phylogentic tree show?

A

The common shared ancestors

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4
Q

What is taxonomy?

A

It involves naming organisms and organising them into groups

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5
Q

What is the order of the taxa?

A

Domain, Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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6
Q

What is a species?

A

Groups that contain similar organisms that are able to reproduce to give fertile offspring

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7
Q

What is the binomial system?

A

The naming system used for clsssification

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8
Q

How does the binomial system work?

A

Genus and then Species

humans : Homo Sapiens

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9
Q

What is courtship behaviour?

A

How organisms carry out behaviour to attract a mate

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10
Q

What are some examples of courtship behaviour?

A

Releasing chemicals
Using sound
Visual displays

Dancing
Building

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11
Q

What are three ways of clarifying evolutionary relationships?

A

Genome sequencing

Comparing amino acid sequences

Immunological comparisons

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12
Q

What is genome sequencing?

A

Entire base sequences of one organisms can be compared to another organism to see how closely related they are

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13
Q

How does comparing amino acid sequence clarify the relationships?

A

Sequence of a.a is coded for by the base sequence in DNA
Related organisms have similar dna sequences and similar amino acid sequences

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14
Q

How does immunological comparison help clarify?

A

Similar proteins will bind to same antobodies

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15
Q

What can you compare for genetic diversity?

A
  1. freq of measurable characteristics
  2. Base sequence of dna
  3. Base sequence of mrna
  4. amino acid sequence
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16
Q

What is variation?

A

The differences that exists between individuals

17
Q

What causes variation

A

Genetics
Environment
Combination

18
Q

What are the two types of varation?

A

Interspecific - between species

Intraspecific - within species

19
Q

How do you investigaete variation?

A

Random Sampling
Mean
Standard Deviation

20
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

Variety of living organisms in an area

21
Q

What is a habitat?

A

A place where an organism lives

22
Q

What is a community?

A

All the populations of different species in a habitat

23
Q

What is the difference between local and global biodiversity?

A

Local is in a small habitat near you and global is on earth

24
Q

What is species richness?

A

Measure of the number of different species a community

25
Q

What is the index of diversity and formula?

A

Takes into number of species in a community and the abundance of each species

26
Q

What methods reduce biodiversity?

A

Woodland clearance

Hedgerow Removal

Pesticides

Herbicides

Monoculture

27
Q

What are conservation schemes?

A

Helps to maintain biodiversity

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