4th module week 4 pharm Flashcards
(23 cards)
Briefly describe the process of clot
clot factors plug the leaky area
Too much clotting factor will lead to thrombi/thrombus which could dislodge into an embolism that causes infarction/plug such as lungs or brain
Clot factors are proteolytic enzymes from liver that are inactive until they need be
describe drugs used for treating overactive clotting
heparins
-calciparin, liquaemin, enoxaparin, tinzaparin, lovenox,
These inhibit synthesis and function of clotting factors (thrombin, IXa, Xa) and used primarily to prevent and treat acute venous thromboembolism)
Coumarin derivatives
-Warfarins (Coumadin)
These inhibit synthesis of specific clotting factors by impairing vitamin K function in liver and often the primary drug used in the long term prevention of venous thrombosis
Factor Xa inhibitors
-Eliquis
These directly inhibit the active form of clotting factor X and provide an alternative to heparin for preventing and treating acute venous thrombosis
Platelet inhibitors (aspirin) (plavix)
These inhibit platelet aggregation and platelet induced clotting used primarily to stop thrombus forming and to prevent reocclusion after surgical procedures such as angioplasty or graft shunt
Fibrinolytics
-alteplase, recombinant (ACTIVASE)
These do clot dissolution, used to reopen occluded vessels in arterial and venous thrombosis
Drug to stop overactive clotting
Calciparin, liquaemin
Dalteparin
Lovenox
Tinzaparin
-PARIN
stops the start of thrombin, IXa, Xa
Which are CLOTTING FACTORS
What are clotting factors ?!
What are the things that start the clot beginnings?!
thrombin
IXa
Xa
What drug is used to prevent and treat ACUTE VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM?
(heparins)
Unfractionated heparin which is Calciparin, Liquaemin
Dalteparin which is Fragmin
Enoxaparin which is Lovenox
Tinzaparin which is Innohep
Enoxaparin is
Lovenox
unfractionated heparin is
liquaemin
Calciparin
Warfarin / Coumadin
stops the clot factors (thrombin/IXa, Xa) by stopping vitamin K from liver
Main drug for long term prevention of venous thrombosis
main drug for long term prevention of VENOUS THROMBOSIS ?
WarFARIN (Coumadin)
Think WarFARIN
Think Coumadin
used primarily to prevent and treat ACUTE VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM?
HEPARINS
I.e. LOVENOX
Think LOVENOX
Think EnOXparin
These are heparins which stop the clotting factors, used primarily to prevent and treat acute venous thromboembolism
this drug an alternative to more traditional agents in preventing and treating VENOUS THROMBOSIS
direct thrombin inhibitors
Which bind right on thrombin and stop its ability to activate fibrin
Thrombin activates ______
fibrin
direct thrombin inhibitors bind directly to _______ to stop the next step of fibrin and these drugs treat venous thrombosis
thrombin
what treats
Acute venous thromboembolism?
Long term prevention of thrombosis?
Acute venous thromboembolism?
The Heparins (they stop the start of thrombin)
And the alternative for heparin is
Factor Xa inhibitors (they stop the start of active form of X)
Long term prevention of thrombosis?
Coumarin derivatives (warfarin)
Alternative for Heparins (which stop the start of thrombin)
Factor Xa Inhibitors (which stop the start of active X)
ELOQUIS
ARIXTRA
XARELTO
Factor Xa inhibitors example
(Inhibitors clotting factor X directly)
(Stop factor X clot )
ELIQUIS=apixaban
ARIXTRA
XARELTO
Think apixaban
think eliquis
What is used primarily for arterial thrombus formation and to prevent reocclusion after surgeries ?
Aspirin, plavix are examples
Which are platelet inhibitors , which stop platelet beginnings and platelet induced clotting
Aspirin and plavix are geared more so towards ?
arterial thrombus stuff
Fibrinolysis/blood clot dissolution drugs?
Firbinolytics
alteplace/recombinant (ACTIVASE)
Reteplase (RETAVASE)
Tenecteplase (TNKase)
Urokinase (Abbokinase)
These are used to reopen occluded vessels in arterial AND venous thrombosis
