#5

Question 1

Alexandrian mathematician and astronomer was known for his geocentric model of the universe, putting Earth at the center instead of the Sun (incorrect now)

Answer 1

Claudius Ptolemy

Question 2

Greek astronomer, scientist, and physicist known for a device used in crop irrigation and sewage treatment plants today.

Answer 2

Archimedes

Question 3

American opthalmologist and humanitarian was the first African-American woman to receive a patent for medical purposes and would go on to hold 5 patents.

Answer 3

Patricia Bath

Question 4

Polish astronomer and mathematician discovered that planets orbit the Sun, that Earth was a planet, that Earth turns on its own axis once daily, and that the slow changes on this axis account for our seasons/equinoxes

Answer 4

Nicolaus Copernicus

Question 5

English social reformer is referred to as “The Lady with the Lamp” - She advocated for proper ventilation, cleanliness, and efficient drainage systems in hospital wards.

Answer 5

Florence Nightingale

Question 6

German mathematican, astronomer, and writer who observed a supernova in 1604

Answer 6

Johannes Kepler

Question 7

English physicist was the head of the British team that worked on the Manhattan project during WWII. He inspired the US government to begin atomic bom research as part of the MAUD committee.

Answer 7

James Chadwick

Question 8

Italian astronomer, physicist, mathematician, philosopher who observed sunspots, moons of Jupiter, and craters on the surface of the moon

Answer 8

Galileo Galilei

Question 9

Scottish geologist, agriculturalist, naturalist, physician proposed that geological processes occur over immensely long periods of time, implied that Earth was much older than previously thought

Answer 9

James Hutton

Question 10

Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, and engineer who went blind in both eyes due to eye strain and cataracts

Answer 10

Leonhard Euler

Question 11

Alexandrian mathematician who wrote many books, including a book of maps of the Roman Empire with an early form of latitude and longitude. Also wrote a Theorem for geometry relating circles with trigonometry

Answer 11

Claudius Ptolemy

Question 12

Polish-French physicist and chemist who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the first person to win the Nobel Prize twice (for Physics and Chemistry)

Answer 12

Marie Curie

Question 13

British physicist and chemist known as the father of the electric motor, electric generator, electric transformer, and electrolysis

Answer 13

Michael Faraday

Question 14

American physician initially became a schoolteacher to support her family, but found it unsuitable for her

Answer 14

Elizabeth Blackwell

Question 15

The SI unit of energy is named for this English physicist after his work with Lord Kelvin on the temperature scale

Answer 15

James Prescott Joule

Question 16

Italian astronomer, physicist, mathematician, philosopher who improved telescope magnification, the microscope, thermometer, compass, and balance

Answer 16

Galileo Galilei

Question 17

African-American ophthalmologist and humanitarian founded the non-profit American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness in Washington DC

Answer 17

Patricia Bath

Question 18

English social reformer served as a manager and trainer of nurses during the Crimean war. She wrote many texts about the importance of sanitation in hospitals. She opened a hospital in London.

Answer 18

Florence Nightingale

Question 19

Greek astronomer, scientist, and physicist who developed the principle of buoyancy while taking a bath and yelling “Eureka” according to legend

Answer 19

Archimedes

Question 20

French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist who identified the causes of the silkworm diseases, saving the silk industry in France

Answer 20

Louis Pasteur

Question 21

English physicist whose work demonstrated that the atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus) is a better indicator of an element’s identity, resolving discrepancies in the previous periodic table arrangement

Answer 21

Henry Moseley

Question 22

British naturalist, geologist, and biologist discovered 4 different species of giant ground sloths

Answer 22

Charles Darwin

Question 23

Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, and engineer who introduced the notation f(x) to represent a function applied to an argument, a fundamental building block to algebraic thinking today

Answer 23

Leonhard Euler

Question 24

German mathematican, astronomer, and writer who made contributions to the field of optics, the first to explain how the eye works and describe the process of vision, role of the retina

Answer 24

Johannes Kepler

Question 25

Greek astronomer, scientist, and physicist who created a formula to calculate the area of the underside of a parabola

Answer 25

Archimedes

Question 26

English physicist who proposed the "plum pudding" model of the atom, suggesting that atoms are composed of electrons scattered within a "soup" of positive charge. This was replaced by the nuclear model of the atom

Answer 26

J.J. Thomson

Question 27

American physician who was the first woman to earn a medical degree in the United States, and the first woman on the Medical Register of the General Medical Council for the United Kingdom

Answer 27

Elizabeth Blackwell

Question 28

Scottish geologist, agriculturalist, naturalist, physician conceptualized the rock cycle - illustrating how rocks are formed, eroded, and reformed

Answer 28

James Hutton

Question 29

Polish-French physicist and chemist who was known for her great memory as a child and the first woman to receive a doctor of science degree in France

Answer 29

Marie Curie

Question 30

English physicist that was shot and killed during World War I at the young age of 27

Answer 30

Henry Moseley

Question 31

British physicist and chemist who wrote a law of Induction, stating a changing magnetic field can create an electric current in a conductor

Answer 31

Michael Faraday

Question 32

English physicist utilized a cathode ray tube to explore the properties of cathode rays, proving that cathode rays were streams of particles later known as electrons and not waves of other energy

Answer 32

J.J. Thomson

Question 33

British naturalist, geologist, and biologist who believed species change over time, giving rise to new species with a common ancestor

Answer 33

Charles Darwin

Question 34

German mathematican, astronomer, and writer who developed a new telescope named after him which was an improvement on previous telescopes

Answer 34

Johannes Kepler

Question 35

Greek astronomer, scientist, and physicist who was murdered by a Roman soldier when he refused to leave his math problem to go with the soldier

Answer 35

Archimedes

Question 36

British/Irish physicist and chemist who invented the vacuum pump

Answer 36

Robert Boyle

Question 37

Scottish geologist, agriculturalist, naturalist, physician advanced the idea that the world's history can be inferred from evidence in present-day rocks, also known as the Father of Modern Geology

Answer 37

James Hutton

Question 38

British physicist and chemist known for an effect named after him that he discovered that light polarization to rotate when it passes through a material in a magnetic field

Answer 38

Michael Faraday

Question 39

French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist who worked towards cures for diseases, developing vaccines for cholera, anthrax, rabies, and smallpox

Answer 39

Louis Pasteur

Question 40

German mathematican, astronomer, and writer who defined a new type of astronomy called "celestial physics" which said that God created the world that can only be studied through reasoning

Answer 40

Johannes Kepler

Question 41

Polish-French physicist and chemist conducted pioneering research on radioactivity and was a pioneer in the discovery and use of X-rays

Answer 41

Marie Curie

Question 42

Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, and engineer who developed the trigonometric functions to represent sine, cosine, and tangent

Answer 42

Leonhard Euler

Question 43

British physicist and chemist known for his discovery of electromagnetic induction

Answer 43

Michael Faraday

Question 44

English physicist was a teacher who had 7 students to go on to win Nobel prizes

Answer 44

J.J. Thomson

Question 45

Greek philosopher and mathematician who is credited with many mathematical and scientific discoveries, including a triangle theorem and the identity of the morning and evening stars

Answer 45

Pythagoras

Question 46

British/Irish physicist and chemist who believed that all matter was made of tiny corpuscles (now known as atoms) - which was an early form of atomic theory

Answer 46

Robert Boyle

Question 47

British professor that discovered a law for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Answer 47

Isaac Newton

Question 48

American astronomer helped other scientists accurately map the universe with her research on the brightness of the Cepheid stars

Answer 48

Henrietta Leavitt

Question 49

American physicist worked at AT&T Bell Laboratories, where she did research in telecommunications, helping to develop technologies with fiber optic cables essential for high speed internet

Answer 49

Shirley Ann Jackson

Question 50

English physician known for his detailed description of the human circulatory system, the process of blood being pumped to the brain and the rest of the body by the heart

Answer 50

William Harvey

Question 51

British/Irish physicist and chemist discovered that air was necessary for burning

Answer 51

Robert Boyle

Question 52

Greek philosopher and mathematician who studied acoustics and music theory, discovering harmonious sounds

Answer 52

Pythagoras

Question 53

British professor who discovered that a object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted on by another force (law of inertia)

Answer 53

Isaac Newton

Question 54

English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist who introduced the atomic theory into chemistry - that all matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.

Answer 54

John Dalton

Question 55

Greek mathematician who established foundations of geometry and proved the Pythagorean theorem of triangles

Answer 55

Euclid

Question 56

British professor that discovered a law for gravity - every object in the universe pulls on other objects through gravity, the more massive the object, the stronger the pull

Answer 56

Isaac Newton

Question 57

American astronomer whose discoveries paved the way for Edwin Hubble to determine the universe is always expanding

Answer 57

Henrietta Leavitt

Question 58

English physician who published "An Anatomical Exercise on the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals" where he demonstrated how blood circulates through the body

Answer 58

William Harvey

Question 59

Greek philosopher and mathematician who founded a school of thought that were political and religious teachings that influenced Plato, Aristotle

Answer 59

Pythagoras

Question 60

British professor who discovered that the force acting on an object is equal to its mass multiplied by its acceleration F=ma

Answer 60

Isaac Newton

Question 61

American astronomer meticulously analyzed photographic plates and cataloged thousands of variable stars

Answer 61

Henrietta Leavitt

Question 62

American physicist served as the chairman of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, where she focused on safety and regulation issues

Answer 62

Shirley Ann Jackson

Question 63

American physician who was not initially interested in medicine, but her interest was sparked after a friend fell ill and said she wished she had a female doctor so she wouldn't have suffered so much

Answer 63

Elizabeth Blackwell

Question 64

English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist was color blind and researched color blindness as well

Answer 64

John Dalton