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World History/Geography 1 > 5. Chinese Empires > Flashcards

5. Chinese Empires Flashcards

1
Q

Confucius name meaning

A

master Kung

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2
Q

what question did confucius seek to answer?

A

how do we restore order to this society? this was during the fall of the Zhou dynasty/pd of warring states

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3
Q

T or F: A lot of leaders respected confucius during his lifetime

A

F - he only had later followers or some non-leader followers

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4
Q

Who wrote the Analects?

A

Confucius’ followers - it’s a book of his teachings

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5
Q

T or F: Confucianism was important to chinese culture after his time

A

True

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6
Q

T or F: Confucianism involved religion

A

F - just politics and ethics. He thought spirituality was useless but there’s order in the universe

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7
Q

2 main elements in confucian view of Dao

A

Duty and Humanity

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8
Q

How many constant relationships were there in confucianism and what were they?

A

Parent and child, husband and wife, older and younger sibling, older and younger friend, ruler and subject - there were 5. Each had a duty to the other - more powerful is kind and does good things, less powerful is obedient and loyal

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9
Q

T or F: Confucianism valued family

A

True

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10
Q

T or F: Confucius believed that if everyone fulfilled their duties, all of society would prosper

A

True (That’s not very original, Confucius. I mean, “if everyone does good things then everyone will do well”? Come on, man.)

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11
Q

T or F: Confucius believed that humans are basically neutral

A

F - good. Ruler should be goodest to set an example for the people.

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12
Q

What did the humanity portion of confucianism entail?

A

compassion and empathy for others

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13
Q

T or F: Confucius was mostly looking to go back to the past

A

Trick question - yes and no. He wanted to go back to the values of the zhou dynasty, but he also had forward thinking ideas (such as meritocracy)

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14
Q

Who created Daoism or Taoism?

A

Lao zi (old master) who may or may not have existed

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15
Q

What is the Daoism main text?

A

Tao te ching or way of the dao (lao zi actually wrote it)

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16
Q

T or F: In Daoism, it is believed that working hard can improve the universe.

A

False. Humans are kinda neutral and the universe is the way it is so we shouldn’t interfere with natural order - be yourself, good or bad. The Dao controls the universe.

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17
Q

T or F: Daoism valued nature

A

True. Cities were frowned upon.

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18
Q

What did legalism think of humans?

A

Basically evil and need strict laws to keep them in check

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19
Q

What did legalism think of the other schools of thought?

A

Super corrupt

20
Q

Who made legalism?

A

Han Fei Tzu

21
Q

What was the Legalism main text?

A

The Han fei zi (names are similar so be careful)

22
Q

What did legalists do if you broke or followed laws?

A

It’s like they’re protecting their child. Break it and you get very very punished, follow it and you get rewards.

23
Q

T or F: The communists kinda liked legalism

A

True

24
Q

T or F: We need to know about mohism

A

F :’)

25
Q

Who was the first ruler of the Qin dynasty?

A

Qin shihuang di - the first qin emperor (he was 13 when he came to the throne)

26
Q

What good stuff did Qin shihuangdi do?

A

Single monetary system, systematic roads, reduced aristocracy power, got taxes, expanded land through military conquests (incl. vietnam)

27
Q

What are the terracotta warriors and who built them?

A

A lot of ppl (qin shi huang di’s army/imperial guard who would help him journey to the next world)

28
Q

T or F: All the terracotta warriors have the same head

A

False. There are 10. It was very expensive

29
Q

Why was the great wall built?

A

To keep out the Xiongnu (mongolians) who were good on horses and organized and fighters. It was actually a bunch of existing walls linked together. It was called the wall of 10000 Li

30
Q

T or F: The Qin dynasty used legalism

A

True

31
Q

T or F: Getting rid of the aristocracy meant local rulers got more power in the Qin dynasty

A

false. More centralized rule

32
Q

What were the bureaucracy divisions of the Qin dynasty?

A

Civil, military, censorate (make sure government ppl do their jobs)

33
Q

T or F: Qin dynasty had local leaders

A

T - they were merit based and were organized in provinces and counties

34
Q

Who did Qin Shi Huang Di anger?

A

Aristocrats, Confucianists, commoners (censorship, taxes, and forced labor - welcome to the trouble with legalism)

35
Q

How many rulers did the Qin dynasty have?

A

1 :D

36
Q

Who was the founder of the Han dynasty?

A

Liu Pang who became known as Han Gaozu - exalted ancestor

37
Q

T or F the han dynasty kept legalism

A

False. Confucianism

38
Q

What did the han dynasty keep from the Qin dynasty?

A

Government divisions, local government provinces and counties, merit based leaders

39
Q

What was the civil service examination?

A

SAT from hecc - students learn confucianism (and a little about china but be cautious and don’t put that on an FRQ) - train students in confucianism, government keeps confucianism.

40
Q

T or F big population growth during Han dynasty

A

T - 20 mil to 60 mil ish

41
Q

Who was Han Wudi?

A

Martial emperor of Han - big conquerer who went south, west, and north (east is ocean so makes sense)

42
Q

T or F the peasants were happy during the Han dynasty

A

F - taxes were ok but military and forced labor and small farm plots were bad - it got so bad that peasants sold their land and the aristocracy came back

43
Q

T or F - Han dynasty valued family

A

True

44
Q

T or F: The han dynasty was rich

A

Yes for the most part (just not the downfall) - trade, manufacturing, mining - traded as far away as india and Mediterranean via Silk Road

45
Q

New Han dynasty tech

A

Textile manufacturing, water mills for grain grinding, iron casting –> steel, paper making which went west a bunch, fore and aft rigging and rudder

46
Q

Han dynasty cultural achievements

A

Confucian school and classics and readings - also lots of history writing and writings of Sima Qian and Ban Gu (philosopher scholar people)

47
Q

Why did the Han dynasty fall apart?

A
  1. Aristocracy exists and corruption does too
  2. Wars, court intrigues, and peasant uprisings collapsed the dynasty
  3. Rebel armies sacked the Han capital
  4. A general seized control and lost it so there was a big civil war (then 3 kingdoms then sui)

World History/Geography 1 (8 decks)

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