5 - Demograohic changes

Question 1

Define birth rate

Answer 1

Number of live births per 1000 per year

Question 2

Define fertility rate

Answer 2

Number of totally fertile people per 1000

Question 3

Define infant mortality rate

Answer 3

Number of deaths per year per 1000 in children under the age of 1

Question 4

Define mortality rate

Answer 4

Number of deaths per year per 1000

Question 5

Define net migration

Answer 5

Difference between number of emigrants (enter) and immigrants (leave)

Question 6

Define life expectancy

Answer 6

Number of years you are expected to live

Question 7

Define natural change

Answer 7

More births than deaths

Question 8

When were the baby booms?

Answer 8

1920s - War
1940s - War
1980-1970s - Baby boom people had kids

Question 9

5 reasons for changing birth rate

Answer 9

Decline in child mortality
Attitudes towards motherhood
Secularisation
Economy
Contraception

Question 10

5 consequences of the changing birth rate (Name 3)

Answer 10

Changing family size
Less extended kin
Decrease in full time mums
More child centred 
Aging population

Question 11

Explanation of aging population (3)

Answer 11

Economic liability
Strain on NHS
Pension

Question 12

Explanation of changing family size

Answer 12

Decrease in nuclear family
1870 - 6 children
2001 - 1.6 children

Question 13

Explanation of family having less extended kin

AO3 as well

Answer 13

Less support so more isolated

AO3 - not true for all cultural groups (Asians have bigger families)

Question 14

Explanation of decrease in full time mothers

Answer 14

Duel earner

MC women work so demand nannies and childcare

Question 15

What are diseases of poverty? Name 2

Answer 15

Caused by people’s living, housing and environmental standards (malnutrition, water)
Measles, flu

Question 16

What are diseases of affluence? Name 2

Answer 16

Living a luxurious lifestyle

Heart disease, cancer

Question 17

What is the main reason the death rate has decreased according to McKeown?

Answer 17

Improved nutrition so social and economic improvements

Question 18

Who says the death rate has increased due to impporved nutirtion?

Answer 18

McKeown

Question 19

4 reasons why death rate has decreased

Answer 19

Improved public heath
McKeown - improved nutrition
Tranter - elimination of preventable diseases
Medical technology

Question 20

North vs South life expectancy in females

Answer 20

South - 86 yrs old

North - 81 yrs old

Question 21

WC vs MC/UC death rate stats (2)

Answer 21

Infant mortality x2 more likely in married couples of lowest social class

WC men in unskilled manual jobs x2 more likely to die before 60 than in a manage job

Question 22

Ethnicity differences in death rate

Answer 22

Infant mortality:
White -3.7%
Pakistani - 8.8%

Question 23

…….% of all lone-person households are made up of old peple

Answer 23

44%

Question 24

3 consequences for an aging population

Answer 24

More old 1 person households
More extended families
More beanpole families

Question 25

Pro for caring for grandparents

Answer 25

Care is socially isolated

Question 26

Cons for caring for grandparents

Answer 26

Domestic burden - female cares Financial hardship (give up work) Pressures (promotions, holiday)

Question 27

How does Litwak describe the nuclear family? Why?

Answer 27

Modified extended family | Feel obligated to care for them even if not geographically close

Question 28

Stats about grandparents

Answer 28

61% of grandparents see their grandchildren at least once a week

Question 29

Who created the beanpole family?

Answer 29

Brannen

Question 30

3 reasons for beanpole families

Answer 30

Aging population Divorce Women want a career

Question 31

Brannen created the ....... ............. (NOT beanpole) | Describe it

Answer 31

Pivot generation | Meet demands for both old and young

Question 32

2 pros of an aging population

Answer 32

Free childcare | Volunteers

Question 33

4 cons of an aging population

Answer 33

Strain on NHS Increase tax or work more for pensions Emotional strain Housing demand

Question 34

What shape is the UK in terms of population. Who says this?

Answer 34

( ) Hirsch ( ) I I

Question 35

What does Townsend say about old people's wealth?

Answer 35

They are asset rich (buy houses when cheap and no student debt)

Question 36

What does Pilcher blame for the aging population?

Answer 36

Social policy - females live longer but have less pensions

Question 37

How has the value of old people changed?

Answer 37

Blakie - now a consumer (holidays)

Question 38

Define immigration

Answer 38

Coming to live in a country

Question 39

Define emigration

Answer 39

Leaving a country to live in another

Question 40

2 push and pull factors for immigration

Answer 40

Pull - economic prosperity and quality of life | Push - War, famine

Question 41

1 push and 2 pull factors for emigration

Answer 41

Pull - work opportunities | Push - Warmer climate and better lifestyle

Question 42

4 consequences of migration

Answer 42

Cultural diversity Changes in family size Cultural identity Social and environment concerns

Question 43

Who says that afro-Caribbean people are more likely to marry another ethnic group

Answer 43

Platt

Question 44

What does interracial families lead to according to Ali

Answer 44

Dual heritage kids

Question 45

Berthuod - ............% of Asian households live in extended family

Answer 45

33%

Question 46

Who did Chamberlain and Goulborne study? What did they find?

Answer 46

Black single mothers in Leeds. They were supporting by extended kinship, they were friends / neighbours

Question 47

Migration has lead to ............... and .............

Answer 47

Prejudice and discrimination

Question 48

3 effects of migration (socio-economic, environ)

Answer 48

Housing Employment Translators

Question 49

..........% of the population are white

Answer 49

86%

Question 50

.............% of London is white

Answer 50

56%

Question 51

What is the second most common language spoken?

Answer 51

Polish

Question 52

.............% of immigrants are under 45

Answer 52

95%