5 - Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes are _______ that react with food and increase the _______ without being destroyed

Answer 1

Biological catalysts, rate of reactions

Question 2

The active site of the enzyme is _______ to the shape of the substrate

Answer 2

Complimentary

Question 3

Substrate

Answer 3

The thing the enzyme is breaking down

Question 4

Active site

Answer 4

Where the breakdown of the substrate happens

Question 5

Lock and key mechanism

Answer 5

• Specific shape of active site only accepts one type of substrate which has a complimentary shape
• Enzyme + substrate = enzyme substrate complex
• Substrate –> products, enzyme stays the same

Question 6

How do enzymes catalyze reactions?

Answer 6

Decrease the activation energy needed for the substrate to react with water and break down into the products

Question 7

Environmental conditions that affect enzyme activity

Answer 7

pH, temperature

Question 8

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

Answer 8

Too cold - Less kinetic energy, less collision frequency, less activity
Optimum peak
Too hot - enzyme melts or boils and denatures

Question 9

How does pH affect enzyme activity?

Answer 9

It has an optimum peak - otherwise it’s just not as fast and will denature if it’s too acidic or alkaline

Question 10

Enzyme properties

Answer 10

Made of protein, reusable, particular and fussy, biological catalyst denatures if too acidic, alkaline, or hot