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5. Soil Managment Flashcards

(20 cards)

1
Q

What does soil provide

A

Anchorage, water, oxygen, nutrients

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2
Q

Define loam

A

Equal parts sand silt clay

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3
Q

Particle density

A

Weight of soil without any pore spaces

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4
Q

Bulk density

A

Indication of pore spaces within the soil

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5
Q

Porosity %

A

(1- bulk density/particle density) * 100

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6
Q

Permeability

A

Ease with which water, air, and plant roots move through a soil
How “Loose” a soil is

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7
Q

Odds

A

Naturally occurring clumps of soil

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8
Q

Consistency

A

Soil behavior under pressure

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9
Q

Soil tilth

A

Physical condition of a tilled soil. Decline of soil structure over time

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10
Q

Soil horizons

A
O: organic material at the top
A: top soil
E: highly leached, lighter in color
B: subsoil
C: less effect of soil forming processes
R: bedrock
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11
Q

Pedology

A

Study of soils

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12
Q

Pedon

A

Smallest volume of soil that contains all the horizons for a specific soil

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13
Q

Soil fertility

A

Ability to supply nutrients for plant growth

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14
Q

Cation exchange capacity

A

Chemical

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15
Q

Percent base saturation

A

Two groups of cations

  1. Al +3, H+
  2. Ca2+, Mg 2+, K+,
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16
Q

Root nutrition uptake

A

Uptake against a solute gradient

Requires NRG & O2

17
Q

Best soil fertility

A
High clay
High humus
Good structure 
Warm and deep soil
Good drainage 
Fertilization 
Desirable microbes 
Near neutral PH
18
Q

Poor fertility

A
High sand
Loss of Orgo matter
Compaction
Cold soil
Shallow soil
Dry or wet soil
Excess irrigation
Erosion
Root damaging pests
Oh too acidic of alkaline
19
Q

Managing PH: soil too alkaline (calcarous soil)

20
Q

Managing PH: soil too acidic (peat soil)