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From Flashcardlet > Eval - pelvis, hip, femur > Flashcards

Eval - pelvis, hip, femur Flashcards

0
Q

Which bones form obturator foramen

A

Rami of pubis and ischium

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1
Q

Male vs Female pelvis

A

Female - wide outlet, oval inlet, shallow and light

Male - narrow outlet, round inlet, deep and heavy

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2
Q

Which and how much of bones form acetabulum

A

2/5 ilium, 2/5 ischium and 1/5 pubis

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3
Q

Type of joint for pubic symphysis

A

Cartilaginous and symphysis

Amphiarthrosis

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4
Q

Positioning for AP pelvis

A

Supine, Medially rotate lower legs 15-20 degrees

Place femoral neck parallel with IR

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5
Q

CR location for AP pelvis

A

Midway btwn asis and pubic symphysis

2” inferior to asis and 2” superior to ps

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6
Q

Good internal rotation of legs on AP pelvis is evident by… (3)

A

Femoral neck fully extended wo super of greater trochanters
Lesser trochanter in medial border
Greater trochanters in lateral profile

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7
Q

Entire pelvis free of rotation on AP (6)

A

Symmetrical ala, obturator foramen, femoral heads and acetabulum
Spinous process in center of vertebral body
Sacrum and coccyx aligned with ps
Symmetrical greater trochanters equal distance to spine

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8
Q

Method name for AP axial outlet

A

Taylor method

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9
Q

Angle, CR location and reason for AP outlet

A

30-35 cephalic
2” distal to superior border of pubic symphysis
Superior and inferior pubic rami wo foreshortening

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10
Q

How an AP axial looks different than AP

A

Ala is elongated
Inlet is foreshortened
Sacrum is elongated
Elongated femoral neck and obturator foramen

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11
Q

Method name for AP axial inlet

A

Bridgeman method

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12
Q

Angle, CR location and reason for Inlet

A

35 caudal
Level of ASIS and MSP
Demonstrates inlet and its entirety, Medially superimposed superior and inferior rami of pubic bone
Nearly superimposes lateral 2/3 of pubic and ischial bone

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13
Q

How does inlet look different than AP

A 
Mickey Mouse
No obturator foramen
Elongated iliac, femoral trochanters
Elongated inlet
Sacrum is foreshortened and high
Spinous process elongated and upward
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14
Q

Method name for oblique pelvis

A

Judet

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15
Q

How much oblique pelvis and CR location for external hip and internal hip

A

45 degrees
Bilateral CR is 2” below ASIS and MSP
Ext — perp to IR entering at pubic symphysis
Int — perp to IR entering 2” inferior to ASIS of affected side

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16
Q

What does posterior oblique pelvis demonstrate
Affected side up shows?
Affected side down shows?

A

Anterior rims of acetabulum
Posterior rim of acet.
Anterior rim of acet,

So rt hip LPO shows fx’s of posterior rim
Lt hip RPO shows fx’s of anterior rim

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17
Q

Other 2 names for fused hip bones

A

So coxa and innominant bone

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18
Q

Bones that form the hip JT

A

Ilium, pubis, ischium and femoral head

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19
Q

Position and CR location for AP hip

A

Fully extend leg and Medially rotate 15-20 degrees
To place femoral neck parallel to IR
Perp to femoral neck — 2 1/2 “ to midpt of line drawn btwn ASIS and PS

20
Q

Proper AP hip evident by

A

Minimal visualization of lesser trochanter
Greater trochanter in profile
Full visualization of femoral neck wo super
Open obturator foramen
Coccyx lined up with PS

21
Q

Structures included on AP hip

A

Prox 1/3 of femur
PS
All hardware
Ilium

22
Q

Method name for AP Oblique hip, commonly called

A

Modified cleaves

Commonly called frog leg

23
Q

What will AP oblique hip demonstrate

A

Femoral neck wo super of greater trochanter
Oblique projection of femoral head
Lesser trochanter in medial and slight inferior profile

24
Q

Method names for lateral hip

A

Lauenstein method
Hickey method
Axiolateral

25
Q

Lateral Lauenstein hip position, projection and CR

A

Flex and abduct affected leg 90 degrees, femoral shafts parallel to IR
Mediolateral
Perp to femoral neck

26
Q

True lateral projection of hip

A

Greater trochanter almost superimposed
Lesser somewhat inferior
Don’t see much femoral neck as modified cleaves
Femoral neck is super by greater

27
Q

CR and why for lateral hickey hip

A

20-25 cephalic
Tube angle takes away super of greater trochanter w femoral neck
Greater is thrown inferiorly in visualization

28
Q

Axiolateral hip method name is? Commonly called? When do this projection

A

Danelius method
Cross table lateral
When suspected fx, trauma or of pt can’t flex and abduct hip, post op

29
Q

Patient positioning for Axiolateral hip, what if pt is thin?

A

Supine
Elevate unaffected leg and place on support
Try to Medially rotate affected leg
Keep pelvis in AP

Thin- elevate pelvis on sponge and push IR into bed

30
Q

CR location for axiolateral hip

A

Perp to long axis of femoral neck and IR

Height about 2” inferior to PS

31
Q

How does axiolateral look different than lateral hip

A

Lesser troch posterior ischial tuberosity
Ischial tuberosity is elongated and below femoral neck
Femoral neck with less super by greater troch
Don’t see obturator foramen

32
Q

Method name for modified axiolateral hip, positioning?

A

Clements-Nakayama

Suspected bilateral fx, keep supine both legs

33
Q

CR for modified axiolateral hip

A

15 posterior

Keep perp to IR towards femoral neck

34
Q

How does axiolateral differ from lateral …. Trochanters, Ischial tuberosity, femoral neck and obturator

A

Lesser trochanter pointing posteriorly to ischial tuberosity
Ischial tuberosity is elongated and below femoral head
Femoral neck less super by greater
Can’t see obturator foramen

35
Q

What two areas of femur most commonly fx

A

Neck and intertrochanteric crest

36
Q

Highest point of greater trochanter lies in what same horizontal plane axial skeleton?

Most lateral point of greater lies in what horizontal plane of pelvis?

A

Coccyx

Pubic symphysis

37
Q

Femoral neck in relation to ASIS and ps? Femoral head?

A

2 1/2” distal to line drawn perp to midpt line drawn btwn ASIS and ps

1 1/2”

38
Q

What angle does femoral neck form with femoral shaft?

A

125 degrees

39
Q

Where is the intertrochanteric line

A

Anterior side of femur

40
Q

Three proximal criteria of femur

A

Greater tro in lateral profile wo super of femoral neck

Minimal visualization of lesser tro

Femoral neck not foreshortened

41
Q

Three distal criteria of femur

A

Full visualization and symmetrical epicondyles

Patella centered btwn epicondyles

Intercondylar eminence in center of tibial plateaus

42
Q

Positioning for lateral proximal femur

A

Roll pt on affected side by 45degrees, flex knee and abduct leg 90 degrees, unaffected leg in front of affected

43
Q

Three criterial for distal lateral femur

A

Open patellofemoral joint
Patella in lateral profile, no popliteal surface
Super femoral condyles anterior and posterior

44
Q

Method name for AP Long leg

A

Weight bearing

45
Q

Why do an AP weight bearing long leg study

A

Prior to surgery for comparison

Different leg lengths

46
Q

Positioning for long leg

A

Stand on small elevated box to include ankle
Anatomical position
Include hip, knee and ankle

47
Q

SID for ap wt bearing film and cr/dr

A

Film - 96”(8ft) bc recorded detail

CR/DR - 40/70” bc more than one exposure is taken bc computer will stitch them

48
Q

Placement of wedge filter for AP wt bearing long leg

A

Place on tube,thicker part over ankle bc it is a thinner body part

From Flashcardlet (23 decks)

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