Anterior Thigh Flashcards
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Pectineus
Origin:
Superior ramus of pubis
Insertion:
Pectineal line of femur (just inferior to lesser trochanter)
Innervation:
Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4)
Maybe Obturator Nerve (L2,3,4) - as it is a transitional muscle between anterior + medial thigh.
Action:
Flexes and adducts thigh. Also helps with medial rotation of thigh.
Test:
None listed.
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Psoas Major
Acts with Iliacus to form Iliopsoas
Origin:
T12-L5 vertebrae, intervertebral discs between them, and transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae.
Insertion:
Lesser trochanter of the femur.
Innervation:
Anterior rami of lumbar nerves (L1,2,3)
Action:
- Flex thigh + stabilise hip joint.
- Iliopsoas is a postural muscle which resists hyperextension of hip joint and maintains lumbar lordosis.
Test:
None listed.
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Iliacus
Acts with Psoas Major as Iliopsoas
Origin:
Iliac fossa, iliac crest, all of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligaments.
Insertion:
Tendon of Psoas Major, Lesser trochanter + femur distal to it.
Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4)
Action:
- Flexes thigh and helps stabilise hip joint.
- Iliopsoas is a postural muscle which resists hyperextension and maintains lumbar lordosis.
Test:
None listed.
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Psoas Minor
Origin:
T12-L1 vertebrae + intervertebral disc between them.
Insertion:
Pectineal line + iliopectineal eminence (via iliopectineal arch)
Innervation:
Anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1 and L2.
Action:
Flex thigh at hip joint and stabilise hip joint.
Test:
None listed.
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Sartorius
Origin:
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS) + superior part of notch just inferior to it.
Insertion: Pes Anserinus (superior medial tibia)
Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4)
Action:
- Tailor’s Muscle - acts to cross legs*
- Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint.
- Flexes leg at knee joint
- Medially rotates leg when knee is flexed.
Test:
None listed.
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Rectus Femoris
Origin:
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS) and ilium superior to acetabulum.
Insertion:
Via quadriceps tendon into patella base (top). Patella ligament then acts as a continuation of the tendon to insert into tibial tuberosity.
Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4)
Action:
- Extend leg at knee joint
- Helps stabilise hip joint and help Iliopsoas to flex the thigh.
Test:
Ask patient to lie in supine position and flex knee slightly. Then ask them to extend knee against examiner resistance. Rectus Femoris should be visible + palpable. Indicates nerve supply is intact.
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Vastus Lateralis
Origin:
Greater trochanter + lateral lip of linea aspera of femur
Insertion:
Via quadriceps tendon into patella base (top). Patella ligament acts as a continuation of the tendon to the tibial tuberosity.
*Also attaches independently to patella and forms aponeurosis which reinforces joint capsule on the way to the tibial plateau.
Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4)
Action:
Extends leg at knee joint.
Test:
Ask patient to lie in supine position and to flex their knee slightly. Then ask them to extend knee against examiner resistance. Rectus Femoris should be visible and palpable suggesting nerve supply is intact.
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Vastus Intermedius
Origin:
Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur
Insertion:
Via quadriceps tendon to base of patella (top). Then continues as patella ligament to tibial tuberosity.
Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4)
Action:
Extend leg at knee joint
Test:
Ask patient to lie in supine position and flex knee slightly. Ask them to extend knee against examiner resistance. Rectus Femoris should be visible and palpable - shows nerve is intact.
Give the Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, and Test of:
Vastus Medialis
Origin:
Intertrochanteric line + medial lip of linea aspera of femur
Insertion:
Via quadriceps tendon into base of patella (top). Then continues as patella ligament to the tibial tuberosity.
*Also attaches independently to patella to form aponeurosis which reinforces the joint capsule on the way to the tibial plateau.
Innervation: Femoral Nerve (L2,3,4)
Action:
Extend leg at knee joint.
Test:
Ask patient to lie supine and flex knee slightly. Then ask them to extend knee against examiner resistance. Rectus Femoris should be visible + palpable - shows nerve is intact.
Name the muscles in the anterior thigh
Pectineus Psoas Major Psoas Minor Iliacus Sartorius Rectus Femoris Vastus Medialis Vastus Intermedius Vastus Lateralis
Name muscles in Iliopsoas
Iliacus
Psoas Major
Name muscles in Quadriceps
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius
Vastus Lateralis
