Genetic variation Flashcards
What are the sex chromosomes in males?
X Y
What is an allele?
A certain section of a gene which controls a specific factor of a characteristic
What is a dominant allele?
An allele which controls the development of characteristics when it is present on only one of the chromosomes
What is a recessive allele?
An allele which controls the development of characteristics only when the dominant allele is not present
What are chromosomes made up of?
Large molecules of DNA
What is the structure of DNA?
Double helix structure
What is a gene?
A small section of DNA
What does each gene code for?
A particular combination of amino acids which makes a specific protein
Does everybody have unique DNA?
No! Identical twins do not
What can DNA be used to do?
Identify individuals in a process known as DNA fingerprinting
What is polydactyl?
Having extra fingers or toes
Is polydactyl caused by the dominant or recessive allele?
The dominant allele
Why can polydactyl be passed on by only one parent who has the disorder?
Because it is caused by the dominant allele
Why is cystic fibrosis?
A disorder of cell membrane
What must be inherited by both parents?
Cystic fibrosis
