Chapter 6 Practice Questions

Question 1

What does correlational research assess?

Answer 1

The strength of relationships among variables.

Question 2

What does differential research assess?

Answer 2

It assesses differences between two or more groups that are differentiated based upon a preexising variable.

Question 3

What does correlations do?

Answer 3

Correlations quantify the strength and direction of relationships and can be used for predicting one variable from another variable.

Question 4

Can correlational research determine casuality?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Can correlational rsearch prove a theory?

Answer 5

No but it can negate one.

Question 6

What type of variable does differential research use?

Answer 6

A nonmanipulated independent variable.

Question 7

What are artefacts?

Answer 7

they are apparently effects of independent variables that are not actually the result of other variables, not properly controlled.

Question 8

How is differential research structurally similar to experimental research?

Answer 8

We compare groups on a dependent measure.

Question 9

How are differential research conceptually similar to correlational?

Answer 9

We measure two variables and look at the relationship between the two variables.

Question 10

What is higher in constraint; differential or correlational?

Answer 10

Differential

Question 11

why is differential higher constraint than correlational?

Answer 11

Procedures available that increase the confidence of conclusions.

Question 12

What are experimenter expectancy?

Answer 12

It is the tendency of investigators to see what they expect to see

Question 13

What is experimenter reactivity?

Answer 13

It is the tendency of investigators to influence the behaviours of participants.

Question 14

What are moderator variables?

Answer 14

Moderator variables modify the relationship between other variables.

Question 15

What is the coefficient of determination?

Answer 15

The square of the correlation and it indicates the proprtion of variability in one measure hat can be predicted knowing another measure.

Question 16

When should differential research be used?

Answer 16

Differential research should be used whenever we want to kstatements now whether groups that are formed based on a preexisting variable are different to one another.

Question 17

Why is it important to develop problem statements that focus on groups that differ on only a single variable?

Answer 17

Unless groups only a single variable, it is impssible to determine which variable might have accounted for any observed group differences.

Question 18

What is a nonmanipulated independent variable?

Answer 18

A non manipulated variable is a variable that existed prior to the study. It is used to assign participants to different roups.

Question 19

Why is careful selection of the control groups so critical in research?

Answer 19

Careful selection of the control groups can minimise confounding by forming groups that difffer on only a single variable.

Question 20

Is correlational or differentual research capabale of determing that a casual relationship between variables exist?

Answer 20

Neitjer