5.1: Sampling Methods, Central Limit Theorem, and Standard Error Flashcards
Sampling Error is…?
The difference of sample and population means.
Sampling Distribution is a probability distribution of a…
Statistic obtained from a larger number of samples drawn from a specific population.
What are the two types of Sampling methods?
Probability and Non-probability sampling.
What does the Probability Sampling allow?
It allows for every member of the population to have an equal chance of being selected.
How a subset of a larger population that is created in a way that each population element has equal chance of being selected is called?
Simple Random Sampling.
What is the procedure in which every kth member is selected until reaching the desired sample size?
Systemic sampling.
The results of such sampling should be approx. random.
Stratified Random Sampling is done by?
Dividing the population into subpopulations (strata) based on one or more classification criteria. Than selecting simple random samples.
Cluster sampling is a procedure in which…?
A population is split into groups (clusters) representative of the population and then randomly drawing certain clusters to form a sample.
What are the other probability considerations in a non-probability sampling plan?
Sampler’s judgement and convenience in accessing the data.
Central Limit Theorem (CLT) states that as the sample size gets larger, the distribution approximates to be?
Normaly distributed.
Standard error of population mean is calculated as?
σ x̄ = σ / √n
If we don’t know the standard deviation of a population, we use the following formula:
S x̄ = S / √n
S - standard deviation of a sample.
Point Estimate is a single numerical estimate of an unknown quantity, such as…
A population parameter.
Three desirable properties of estimators:
Unbiasedness (lack of bias), efficiency, and consistency.
