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Pediatrics (RM) > Test 3: Celiac and CF > Flashcards

Test 3: Celiac and CF Flashcards

1
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

How is it diagnosed?

A
  • exocrine gland dysfunction leads to increased mucous production
  • Dx by sweat tests: presence of high NaCl concentrations in sweat is characteristic of CF
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2
Q

Pathology of cystic fibrosis:

A
  • mucous glands secrete thick mucoprotein that accumulated and dilates the glands
  • small passages in organs become obstructed when secretions coagulate and become hard in the glands and ducts, leading to fibrosis and failure
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3
Q

EARLY respiratory symptoms of cystic fibrosis:

A
  • wheezing

- dry/nonproductive cough

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4
Q

LATE respiratory symptoms of cystic fibrosis:

A
  • dyspnea
  • paroxysmal cough
  • emphysema
  • patchy areas of atelectasis
  • frequent pulmonary infections
  • overinflated, barrel-shaped chest
  • cyanosis
  • clubbing of fingers and toes
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5
Q

EARLY GI symptom of cystic fibrosis:

A

meconium ileus

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6
Q

LATE GI symptoms of cystic fibrosis:

A
  • large, bulky, foul-smelling stools
  • increased appetite early in disease (w/ no weight gain)
  • decreased appetite later
  • failure to grow
  • anemia
  • fat soluble vitamin deficiency
  • thin extremities and tissue wasting
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7
Q

What do stools look like with cystic fibrosis?

A
  • frothy (bulky, large quantity)
  • foul smelling
  • fat containing
  • float due to fat content
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8
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

A

K A D E

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9
Q

What is a meconium ilues?

A

bowel obstruction

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10
Q

What is the significance of a meconium ilues?

A
  • thick, puttylike, tenacious, mucilaginous meconium blocks the lumen of the small intestine
  • usually at or near the ileocecal valve which gives rise to signs of intestinal obstruction including abdominal distention
  • vomiting
  • failure to pass stools
  • rapid dehydration/electrolyte imbalance
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11
Q

Diet needs of CF:

A

high protein

high calorie

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12
Q

Respiratory meds for CF:

A
  • beta agonists (SABA) - albuterol
  • anticholinergics - ipratropium
  • combo - fluticasone/salmaterol
  • human deoxyribonulease; dornase alfa (decreases viscosity of mucous)
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13
Q

GI meds for CF:

A
  • pancreatic enzymes - pancrelipase
  • vitamins - multi-vitamin and KADE
  • constipation meds - polyethlene-glycol (GoLYTELY)
  • histamine-receptor agonist and motility meds for GERD
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14
Q

Antibiotics for CF:

A

tobramycin
tircarcillin
gentamycin (specific for pulmonary infection)

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15
Q

What is celiac disease?

A

villi of the small intestine flatten out, reducing absorptive surface leading to DECREASED DIGESTION OF FAT and DECREASED ABSORPTION OF VITAMINS AND CARBS

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16
Q

What is seen with celiac disease?

A

sensitivity to gluten

17
Q

Symptoms of celiac disease:

A
  • irritability
  • anorexia
  • chronic diarrhea
  • steatorrhea
  • vitamin deficiencies
  • abdominal distention
  • malnutrition
  • FTT
18
Q

How is celiac disease diagnosed?

A

biopsy of small intestine

19
Q

Diet needs of celiac disease:

A

gluten-free foods: rice, corn, soybean flours

no wheat, barley, rye, or oats

20
Q

Respiratory meds for cystic fibrosis:

A
  • beta agonists (SABA)
  • anticholinergics
  • combo
  • human deoxyribonuclease; dornase alfa
  • antibiotics
21
Q

What SABA (beta agonist) is prescribed for cystic fibrosis?

A

albuterol

22
Q

What anticholinergic is prescribed for cystic fibrosis?

A

ipatroprium

23
Q

What combo drug is prescribed for CF?

A

fluticasone/salmaterol

24
Q

What do human deoxyribonulease and dornase alfa do?

A

decreases viscosity of mucous

25
Q

What antibiotics are prescribed for CF pulmonary infection?

A

(TTG)
tobramycin
tircarcillin
gentamycin

26
Q

What drugs are prescribed for CF - associated GI issues?

A
  • pancreatic enzymes
  • vitamins
  • constipation meds
  • H2-receptor agonist
  • motility meds
27
Q

What pancreatic enzyme is prescribed for

A

pancrealipase

28
Q

What vitamins are prescribed for CF GI?

A

Multi-vitamin

KADE

29
Q

What constipation meds are prescribed for CF GI?

A

GoLYTELY

polyethylene-glycol

30
Q

What meds are prescribed for CF-assoc. GERD?

A

H2-receptor agonist & motility meds

Pediatrics (RM) (27 decks)

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